Mishkat
al-Masabih

مشكاة المصابيح

01

Faith

كتاب الإيمان

 

Chapter 6b: Reliance on the Book and the Sunnah - Section 2

باب الاعتصام بالكتاب والسنة - الفصل الثاني

Mishkat al-Masabih 181

Anas declared that God’s messenger used to say, “Do not impose austerities on yourselves and so have God imposing austerities on you; for people have imposed austerities on themselves and God has imposed austerities on them. Their survivors are to be found in cells and monasteries.” [Then he quoted], “Monasticism, they invented it; we did not prescribe it for them.” 1 Abu Dawud transmitted it. 1 ibid, lvii, 27.

وَعَن أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يَقُولُ: لَا تُشَدِّدُوا عَلَى أَنْفُسِكُمْ فَيُشَدِّدَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَإِنَّ قَوْمًا شَدَّدُوا عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ فَشَدَّدَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ فَتِلْكَ بَقَايَاهُمْ فِي الصَّوَامِعِ والديار (رَهْبَانِيَّة ابتدعوها مَا كتبناها عَلَيْهِم) رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد

Grade: Isnād Da'īf Zubair `Aliza'i

Chapter 2b: Property on which Zakat is Payable - Section 2

باب ما يجب فيه الزكاة - الفصل الثاني

Mishkat al-Masabih 1810

Umm Salama said she was wearing gold ornaments and asked God’s messenger whether that was a treasure,* to which he replied, “Whatever reaches a quantity on which zakat is payable is not a treasure when the zakat is paid.” Malik and Abu Dawud transmitted it. * The word kanz which means a treasure is used as a technical term for property liable to zakat on which the zakat is not paid.

وَعَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ قَالَتْ: كُنْتُ أَلْبَسُ أَوْضَاحًا مِنْ ذَهَبٍ فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَكَنْزٌ هُوَ؟ فَقَالَ: «مَا بلغ أَن يُؤدى زَكَاتُهُ فَزُكِّيَ فَلَيْسَ بِكَنْزٍ» . رَوَاهُ مَالِكٌ وَأَبُو دَاوُد

Mishkat al-Masabih 1811

Samura b. Jundub said God’s messenger used to order them to deduct the sadaqa from what they prepared for trade. Abu Dawud transmitted it.

وَعَنْ سَمُرَةَ بْنِ جُنْدُبٍ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يَأْمُرُنَا أَنْ نُخْرِجَ الصَّدَقَةَ مِنَ الَّذِي نُعِدُّ لِلْبَيْعِ. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد

Mishkat al-Masabih 1812

Rabi'a b. ‘Abd ar-Rahman on more than one person’s authority said, “God’s messenger assigned as a fief to Bilal b. al-Harith al-Muzani the mines of al-Qabaliya which is in the neighbourhood of al-Fur‘,* and only zakat is levied on those mines up to the present day.” Abu Dawud transmitted it. * Yaqut, Mu'jam, ii, 471, says it is a village in the neighbourhood of ar-Rabadha, eight stages from Medina on the way to Mecca; some say four days’ journey.

وَعَنْ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَقْطَعَ لِبِلَالِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ الْمُزَنِيِّ معادن الْقبلية وَهِيَ مِنْ نَاحِيَةِ الْفُرْعِ فَتِلْكَ الْمَعَادِنُ لَا تُؤْخَذُ مِنْهَا إِلَّا الزَّكَاةُ إِلَى الْيَوْمِ. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد

Chapter 2c: Property on which Zakat is Payable - Section 3

باب ما يجب فيه الزكاة - الفصل الثالث

Mishkat al-Masabih 1813

‘Ali reported the Prophet (ﷺ) as saying, “There is no sadaqa on green herbs, palm-trees given in usufruct for a year, less than five camel-loads, working animals, or al-jabha.” As-Saqr said al-jabha* consists of horses, mules and slaves. Daraqutni transmitted it. * Applied usually to horses, meaning the best type.

عَنْ عَلِيٍّ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «لَيْسَ فِي الْخَضْرَاوَاتِ صَدَقَةٌ وَلَا فِي الْعَرَايَا صَدَقَةٌ وَلَا فِي أَقَلَّ مِنْ خَمْسَةِ أَوْسُقٍ صَدَقَةٌ وَلَا فِي الْعَوَامِلِ صَدَقَةٌ وَلَا فِي الْجَبْهَةِ صَدَقَةٌ» . قَالَ الصَّقْرُ: الْجَبْهَةُ الْخَيل وَالْبِغَال وَالْعَبِيد. رَوَاهُ الدَّارَقُطْنِيّ

Mishkat al-Masabih 1814

Tawus told that a waqs of cattle was brought to Mu'adh b. Jabal and he said the Prophet (ﷺ) did not command him to pay anything on them. Daraqutni and Shafi' transmitted it, the latter saying that a waqs is a number less than that on which sadaqa is payable. * * The word waqs or waqas is applied to odd numbers of animals (usually cattle) between one limit of assessment and the next.

وَعَنْ طَاوُسٍ أَنَّ مُعَاذَ بْنَ جَبَلٍ أَتَى بِوَقَصِ الْبَقَرِ فَقَالَ: لَمْ يَأْمُرْنِي فِيهِ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِشَيْءٍ. رَوَاهُ الدَّارَقُطْنِيُّ وَالشَّافِعِيُّ وَقَالَ: الْوَقَصُ مَا لَمْ يَبْلُغِ الْفَرِيضَةَ

Chapter 3a: Sadaqa when Ramadan ends - Section 1

باب صدقة الفطر - الفصل الأول

Mishkat al-Masabih 1815

Ibn ‘Umar said God’s messenger prescribed as the zakat payable by slave and freeman, male and female, young and old among the Muslims on breaking the fast of Ramadan a sa'* of dried dates or a sa' of barley, and gave command that this should be paid before the people went out to prayer. (Bukhari and Muslim.) * The Hijazi sa' is described as a measure equivalent to four mudds, the mudd being the amount a man with average size hands can hold with both hands extended.

عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: فَرَضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرِ صَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ أَوْ صَاعًا مِنْ شَعِيرٍ عَلَى الْعَبْدِ وَالْحُرِّ وَالذَّكَرِ وَالْأُنْثَى وَالصَّغِيرِ وَالْكَبِيرِ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَأَمَرَ بِهَا أَنْ تُؤَدَّى قَبْلَ خُرُوجِ النَّاس إِلَى الصَّلَاة

Mishkat al-Masabih 1816

Abu Sa'id al-Khudrl said, “We used to bring forth as the zakat on breaking the fast of Ramadan a sa’ of grain, or of barley, or of dried dates, or of cheese, or of raisins." (Bukhari and Muslim.)

وَعَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ قَالَ: كُنَّا نُخْرِجُ زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرِ صَاعًا مِنْ طَعَامٍ أَو صَاعا من شعير أَو صَاعا من تَمْرٍ أَوْ صَاعًا مَنْ أَقِطٍ أَوْ صَاعًا من زبيب

Chapter 3b: Sadaqa when Ramadan ends - Section 2

باب صدقة الفطر - الفصل الثاني

Mishkat al-Masabih 1817

Ibn 'Abbas said, “At the end of Ramadan bring forth the sadaqa relating to your fast. God's messenger prescribed this sadaqa as a sa' of dried dates or barley, or half a sa' of wheat payable by every free¬man or slave, male or female, young or old." Abu Dawud and Nasa’i transmitted it.

عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: فِي آخِرِ رَمَضَانَ أخرجُوا صَدَقَة صومكم. فرض رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ هَذِهِ الصَّدَقَةَ صَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ أَوْ شَعِيرٍ أَوْ نِصْفَ صَاعٍ مِنْ قَمْحٍ عَلَى كُلِّ حُرٍّ أَوْ مَمْلُوكٍ ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنْثَى صَغِيرٍ أَوْ كَبِيرٍ. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد وَالنَّسَائِيّ

Mishkat al-Masabih 1818

He said that God’s messenger prescribed the zakat relating to the breaking of the fast as a purification of the fasting from empty and obscene talk and as food for the poor. Abu Dawud transmitted it.

وَعَن ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: فَرَضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرِ طُهْرَ الصِّيَامِ مِنَ اللَّغْوِ وَالرَّفَثِ وَطُعْمَةً لِلْمَسَاكِينِ. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد

Chapter 3c: Sadaqa when Ramadan ends - Section 3

باب صدقة الفطر - الفصل الثالث

Mishkat al-Masabih 1819

‘Amr b. Shu'aib on his father’s authority said his grandfather told that the Prophet (ﷺ) sent someone to announce in the ravines of Mecca, “The sadaqa relating to the breaking of the fast is incumbent on every Muslim, male or female, freeman or slave, young or old, consisting of two mudds of wheat or such like, or a sa' of grain." Tirmidhi transmitted it.

عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَعَثَ مُنَادِيًا فِي فِجَاجِ مَكَّةَ: «أَلَا إِنَّ صَدَقَةَ الْفِطْرِ وَاجِبَةٌ عَلَى كُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنْثَى حُرٍّ أَوْ عَبْدٍ صَغِيرٍ أَوْ كَبِيرٍ مُدَّانِ مِنْ قَمْحٍ أَوْ سِوَاهُ أَوْ صَاع من طَعَام» . رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيّ