Mishkat
al-Masabih
مشكاة المصابيح
Faith
كتاب الإيمان
Chapter 1b: Chapter - Section 2
باب - الفصل الثاني
Mishkat al-Masabih 33, 34
Abu Huraira reported that God’s messenger said, “The Muslim is he from whose tongue and hand the Muslims are safe; and the believer is he whom men trust with their lives and their property.” 'Tirmidhi and Nasa’i transmitted it; and Baihaqi added in Shu'ab al-iman by the transmission of Fadala, “And the mujahid is he who strives with himself regarding obedience to God, and the muhajir is he who abandons transgressions and sins.
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «الْمُسْلِمُ مَنْ سَلِمَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ مِنْ لِسَانِهِ وَيَدِهِ وَالْمُؤْمِنُ مَنْ أَمِنَهُ النَّاسُ عَلَى دِمَائِهِمْ وَأَمْوَالِهِمْ» . رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ وَزَادَ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي «شُعَبِ الْإِيمَانِ» . بِرِوَايَةِ فَضَالَةَ: «وَالْمُجَاهِدُ مَنْ جَاهَدَ نَفْسَهُ فِي طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ وَالْمُهَاجِر من هجر الْخَطَايَا والذنُوب»
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 1 Chapter 1b Hadith 1
Mishkat al-Masabih 3393
Al-Hasan, on Samura’s authority, reported God's Messenger as saying, “If anyone gets possession of a relative who is within the prohibited degrees, that person becomes free.” Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah transmitted it.
عَن الْحسن عَن سَمُرَة عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «من ملك ذَا رحم محرم فَهُوَ حُرٌّ» . رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ وَابْنُ مَاجَه
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 14 Chapter 1b Hadith 2
Mishkat al-Masabih 3394
Ibn ‘Abbas reported the Prophet (ﷺ) as saying, “When a man’s slave-woman bears him a child she becomes free at his death.”* Darimi transmitted it. * The text has 'au durbur in minhu au ba'dahu’ indicating a doubt on the part of a transmitter as to which words were used. Both expressions amount to the same thing so it seems sufficient to give "at his death" in the translation above.
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «إِذَا وَلَدَتْ أَمَةُ الرَّجُلِ مِنْهُ فَهِيَ مُعْتَقَةٌ عَنْ دُبُرٍ مِنْهُ أَوْ بَعْدَهُ» . رَوَاهُ الدَّارِمِيُّ
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 14 Chapter 1b Hadith 3
Mishkat al-Masabih 3395
Jabir said
In the time of God’s Messenger and of Abu Bakr we sold slave women who had borne children, but when ‘Umar was in power he forbade us to do so and we stopped. Abu Dawud transmitted it.وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: بِعْنَا أُمَّهَاتِ الْأَوْلَادِ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَبِي بَكْرٍ فَلَمَّا كَانَ عُمَرُ نَهَانَا عَنْهُ فَانْتَهَيْنَا. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 14 Chapter 1b Hadith 4
Mishkat al-Masabih 3396
Ibn ‘Umar reported God’s Messenger as saying, “If anyone emancipates a slave who owns property he gets the slave’s property, unless the master stipulates otherwise.” Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah transmitted it.
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ أَعْتَقَ عَبْدًا وَلَهُ مَالٌ فَمَالُ الْعَبْدِ لَهُ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَ السَّيِّدُ» . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَابْنُ مَاجَهْ
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 14 Chapter 1b Hadith 5
Mishkat al-Masabih 3397
Abul Malih told on his father's authority that when a man emancipated a share in a slave, and the matter was mentioned to the Prophet (ﷺ) he said, “God has no partner,” and decided chat he should be emancipated. Abu Dawud transmitted it.
وَعَن الْمَلِيحِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ: أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَعْتَقَ شِقْصًا مِنْ غُلَامٍ فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: «لَيْسَ لِلَّهِ شَرِيكٌ» فَأَجَازَ عتقه. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 14 Chapter 1b Hadith 6
Mishkat al-Masabih 3398
Safina said
I was a slave of Umm Salama, and she said, “I shall emancipate you, but I stipulate that you must serve God’s Messenger as long as you live” I replied, “Even if you do not make a stipulation with me I shall not leave God’s Messenger as long as I live”. She then emancipated me and made the stipulation with me. Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah transmitted it.وَعَن سفينة قَالَ: كُنْتُ مَمْلُوكًا لِأُمِّ سَلَمَةَ فَقَالَتْ: أُعْتِقُكَ وَأَشْتَرِطُ عَلَيْكَ أَنْ تَخْدُمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا عِشْتَ فَقُلْتُ: إِنْ لَمْ تَشْتَرِطِي عَلَيَّ مَا فَارَقْتُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا عِشْتُ فَأَعْتَقَتْنِي وَاشْتَرَطَتْ عَلَيَّ. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَابْنُ مَاجَهْ
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 14 Chapter 1b Hadith 7
Mishkat al-Masabih 3399
‘Amr b. Shu'aib, on his father's authority, told that this grandfather reported the Prophet (ﷺ) as saying, “A slave who has entered into an agreement to purchase his freedom is a slave as long as a dirham of the agreed price remains to be paid." Abu Dawud transmitted it.
وَعَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «الْمُكَاتَبُ عَبْدٌ مَا بَقِيَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ مُكَاتبَته دِرْهَم» . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 14 Chapter 1b Hadith 8
Chapter 2c: Circumstances which make ablution necessary - Section 3
باب ما يوجب الوضوء - الفصل الثالث
Mishkat al-Masabih 330
Ibn ‘Umar used to say, “A man’s kiss to his wife and his touching her with his hand are connected with sexual intercourse, and anyone who kisses his wife or touches her with his hand must perform ablution.” Malik and Shafi‘i transmitted it.
وَعَن ابْن عمر كَانَ يَقُولُ: قُبْلَةُ الرَّجُلِ امْرَأَتَهُ وَجَسُّهَا بِيَدِهِ مِنَ الْمُلَامَسَةِ. وَمَنْ قَبَّلَ امْرَأَتَهُ أَوْ جَسَّهَا بِيَدِهِ فَعَلَيهِ الْوضُوء. رَوَاهُ مَالك وَالشَّافِعِيّ
Mishkat al-Masabih 331
Ibn Mas'ud used to say, “Ablution is necessary when a man kisses his wife.” Malik transmitted it.
وَعَن ابْن مَسْعُود كَانَ يَقُولُ: مِنْ قُبْلَةِ الرَّجُلِ امْرَأَتَهُ الْوُضُوءُ. رَوَاهُ مَالك
Mishkat al-Masabih 332
Ibn ‘Umar reported ‘Umar b. al-Khattab as saying, “A kiss is connected with sexual intercourse, so perform ablution on that account.”
وَعَن ابْن عُمَرَ أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: إِن الْقبْلَة من اللَّمْس فتوضؤوا مِنْهَا
Mishkat al-Masabih 333
‘Umar b. ‘Abd al-‘Aziz told on the authority of Tamim ad-Dari that God’s messenger said, “Ablution must be performed on account of any flow of blood.” Daraqutni transmitted the two traditions, saying that ‘Umar b. ‘Abd al-‘Aziz neither heard from Tamim ad-Dari nor saw him, and that Yazid b. Khalid and Yazid b. Muhammad* are unknown. *These men occur in the isnad.
وَعَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ عَنْ تَمِيمِ الدَّارِيّ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «الْوُضُوءُ مِنْ كُلِّ دَمٍ سَائِلٍ» . رَوَاهُمَا الدَّارَقُطْنِيُّ وَقَالَ: عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنْ تَمِيمٍ الدَّارِيِّ وَلَا رَآهُ وَيَزِيدُ بن خَالِد وَيزِيد بن مُحَمَّد مَجْهُولَانِ
Chapter 3a: How to act when relieving oneself - Section 1
باب آداب الخلاء - الفصل الأول
Mishkat al-Masabih 334, 335
Abu Ayyub al-Ansari reported God’s messenger as saying, "When you go to the toilet neither face nor turn your back to the qibla [Ka'ba in Mecca], but turn towards the east or the west.” (Bukhari and Muslim.) The shaikh and imam Muhyi as-Sunna said that this tradition applies to the desert, but that in a built-up area it does not matter, on account of what is transmitted from ‘Abdallah b. ‘Umar who said, "I went up to the roof of Hafsa’s house for some purpose and saw God's messenger relieving himself facing Syria, with his back to the qibla.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)
عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «إِذَا أَتَيْتُمُ الْغَائِطَ فَلَا تَسْتَقْبِلُوا الْقِبْلَةَ وَلَا تَسْتَدْبِرُوهَا وَلَكِنْ شَرِّقُوا أَوْ غَرِّبُوا» قَالَ الشَّيْخ الإِمَام محيي السّنة : هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ فِي الصَّحْرَاءِ وَأَمَّا فِي الْبُنْيَانِ فَلَا بَأْس لما رُوِيَ: عَن عبد الله بن عمر قَالَ: ارْتَقَيْتُ فَوْقَ بَيْتِ حَفْصَةَ لِبَعْضِ حَاجَتِي فَرَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يقْضِي حَاجته مستدبر الْقبْلَة مُسْتَقْبل الشَّام
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 3 Chapter 3a Hadith 1
Mishkat al-Masabih 336
Salman said, “He (meaning God’s messenger) forbade us to face the qibla when easing ourselves or passing water, or to wipe ourselves with the right hand, or to wipe ourselves with less than three stones, or to wipe ourselves with dung or bone.” Muslim transmitted it.
وَعَن سلمَان قَالَ: نَهَانَا يَعْنِي رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ نَسْتَقْبِلَ الْقِبْلَةَ لِغَائِطٍ أَوْ بَوْل أَو أَن نستنتجي بِالْيَمِينِ أَوْ أَنْ نَسْتَنْجِيَ بِأَقَلَّ مِنْ ثَلَاثَةِ أَحْجَارٍ أَوْ أَنْ نَسْتَنْجِيَ بِرَجِيعٍ أَوْ بِعَظْمٍ. رَوَاهُ مُسلم
Mishkat al-Masabih 337
Anas reported that when God’s messenger entered the privy he used to say, "O God, I seek refuge in Thee from male and female devils.”* *One might be inclined to translate this phrase as "from infidelity and act of disobedience,” but the tradition from Zaid b. Arqam (p. 76) is very explicit, and so the translation above is probably the correct one. PT-2 (12-71.) (Bukhari and Muslim).
وَعَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا دَخَلَ الْخَلَاءَ يَقُولُ: «اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ الْخبث والخبائث»
Mishkat al-Masabih 338
Ibn ‘Abbas told that the Prophet (ﷺ) came upon two graves and said, "Their occupants are being punished, but not for a great sin. One of them did not keep himself from being defiled by urine. (A version by Muslim has "did not keep himself undefiled by urine”.) The other went about spreading slander.” He then took a fresh palm branch, split it in two parts, and planted one on each grave. On being asked why he did this, he said, "Perhaps their punishment may be mitigated as long as they remain fresh.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ مَرَّ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِقَبْرَيْنِ فَقَالَ إِنَّهُمَا لَيُعَذَّبَانِ وَمَا يُعَذَّبَانِ فِي كَبِيرٍ أَمَّا أَحدهمَا فَكَانَ لَا يَسْتَتِرُ مِنَ الْبَوْلِ - وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لمُسلم: لَا يستنزه مِنَ الْبَوْلِ - وَأَمَّا الْآخَرُ فَكَانَ يَمْشِي بِالنَّمِيمَةِ ثمَّ أَخذ جَرِيدَة رطبَة فَشَقهَا نِصْفَيْنِ ثُمَّ غَرَزَ فِي كُلِّ قَبْرٍ وَاحِدَةً قَالُوا يَا رَسُول الله لم صنعت هَذَا قَالَ لَعَلَّه يُخَفف عَنْهُمَا مَا لم ييبسا
Mishkat al-Masabih 339
Abu Huraira reported God's messenger as saying, "Guard against the two things which produce cursing.” He was asked what they were and said, "Relieving oneself where people walk, or where they sit in the shade.” Muslim transmitted it.
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: اتَّقُوا اللَّاعِنَيْنِ. قَالُوا: وَمَا اللَّاعِنَانِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ . قَالَ: «الَّذِي يَتَخَلَّى فِي طَرِيقِ النَّاس أَو فِي ظلهم» . رَوَاهُ مُسلم
Chapter 12b: The Woman who is Divorced by three Pronouncements - Section 2
باب المطلقة ثلاثا - الفصل الثاني
Mishkat al-Masabih 3300
Abu Dawud, Ibn Majah and Darimi transmitted something similar on the authority of Sulaiman b. Yasar quoting Salama b. Sakhr who said, “I was a man who was more given than others to sexual intercourse.” Abu Dawud, Ibn Majah and Darimi transmitted. The version of Abu Dawud and Darimi has, “Feed sixty poor people with a camel-load of dates.
وروى أَبُو دَاوُد وابنُ مَاجَه والدارمي عَن سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ صَخْرٍ نحوَه قَالَ: كنتُ امْرأ أُصِيبُ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ مَا لَا يُصِيبُ غَيْرِي وَفِي روايتهِما أَعنِي أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالدَّارِمِيَّ: «فَأَطْعِمْ وَسْقًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ بَيْنَ سِتِّينَ مِسْكينا»
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 12b Hadith 1
Mishkat al-Masabih 3301
Sulaiman b. Yasar on the authority of Salama b. Sakhr, reported the Prophet (ﷺ) as saying about one who vows to make his wife like his mother’s back and has intercourse with her before making atonement, “There is one atonement.”* * Atonement for breaking the vow should be made before doing so, but if the vow is broken then the same atonement is enough. Tirmidhi and Ibn Majah transmitted it.
وَعَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ صَخْرٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي الْمُظَاهِرِ يُوَاقِعُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُكَفِّرَ قَالَ: «كَفَّارَة وَاحِدَة» . رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيّ وَابْن مَاجَه
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 12b Hadith 2
Chapter 12c: The Woman who is Divorced by three Pronouncements - Section 3
باب المطلقة ثلاثا
Mishkat al-Masabih 3302
‘Ikrima told on the authority of Ibn ‘Abbas that a man who had vowed to make his wife like his mother’s back had intercourse with her before making atonement, so he went to the Prophet (ﷺ) and mentioned that to him. He asked him what had induced him to do that and he replied, “Messenger of God, I saw the whiteness of her silver anklets in the moonlight and could not restrain myself from having intercourse with her.” God's Messenger laughed and ordered him not to go near her till he had made atonement. Ibn Majah transmitted it, and Tirmidhi transmitted something similar, saying this is a hasan sahih gharib tradition. Abu Dawud and Nasa’i transmitted something similar both with a full isnad and in mursal form, Nasa’i saying that the mursal version is nearer the truth than the one with a full isnad.
عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: أَنَّ رَجُلًا ظَاهَرَ مِنِ امْرَأَتِهِ فَغَشِيَهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَكَفِّرَ فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَقَالَ: «مَا حَمَلَكَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ؟» قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ رَأَيْتُ بَيَاضَ حِجْلَيْهَا فِي الْقَمَرِ فَلَمْ أَمْلِكْ نَفْسِي أَنْ وَقَعَتُ عَلَيْهَا فَضَحِكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ لَا يَقْرَبَهَا حَتَّى يُكَفِّرَ. رَوَاهُ ابْنُ مَاجَهْ. وَرَوَى التِّرْمِذِيُّ نَحْوَهُ وَقَالَ: هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ غَرِيبٌ وَرَوَى أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ نَحْوَهُ مُسْنَدًا وَمُرْسَلًا وَقَالَ النَّسَائِيُّ: المُرسل أوْلى بالصَّوابِ من المسْندِ
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 12c Hadith 1
Chapter 13a: Chapter - Section 1
باب في كون الرقبة في الكفارة مؤمنة
Mishkat al-Masabih 3303
Mu'awiya b. al-Hakam told that he went to God’s Messenger and said, “Messenger of God, I have a slave girl who was herding sheep of mine. I went to her, having missed a sheep from the flock, and asked her about it, and she told me it had been eaten by a wolf. I was annoyed with her, and being human, I struck her on the face. As it is my duty to set free a slave, should I set her free?” God’s Messenger asked her where God was and she replied that he was in heaven. He asked her who he was and she replied that he was God's Messenger. He then told him to set her free. Malik transmitted it. In Muslim’s version he said, “I had a slave girl who was herding sheep of mine in the direction of Uhud and al-Jawwaniya. One day I looked and saw that a wolf had gone off with one of our sheep. Now I am a man who becomes annoyed just as others do, but I gave her a blow and then went to God’s Messenger. He treated my offence as serious, and so I asked him whether I should set her free. He told me to bring her and when I did so he asked her where God was and she replied that He was in heaven. He asked her who he was and she replied that he was God’s Messenger. He then told me to set her free, for she was a believer.”* *This chapter has only one section.
عَن مُعَاوِيَة بنِ الحكمِ قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ جَارِيَةً كَانَتْ لِي تَرْعَى غَنَمًا لِي فَجِئْتُهَا وَقَدْ فَقَدَتْ شَاةً مِنَ الْغَنَمِ فَسَأَلْتُهَا عَنْهَا فَقَالَتْ: أَكَلَهَا الذِّئْبُ فَأَسِفْتُ عَلَيْهَا وَكُنْتُ مَنْ بَنِي آدَمَ فَلَطَمْتُ وَجْهَهَا وَعَلَيَّ رَقَبَةٌ أَفَأُعْتِقُهَا؟ فَقَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «أَيْنَ اللَّهُ؟» فَقَالَتْ: فِي السَّمَاءِ فَقَالَ: «مَنْ أَنَا؟» فَقَالَتْ: أَنْتَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «أَعْتِقْهَا» . رَوَاهُ مَالِكٌ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ: كَانَتْ لِي جَارِيَةٌ تَرْعَى غَنَمًا لِي قِبَلَ أُحُدٍ وَالْجَوَّانِيَّةِ فَاطَّلَعْتُ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ فَإِذَا الذِّئْبُ قَدْ ذَهَبَ بِشَاةٍ مِنْ غَنَمِنَا وَأَنَا رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ آسَفُ كَمَا يَأْسَفُونَ لَكِنْ صَكَكْتُهَا صَكَّةً فَأَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَعَظَّمَ ذَلِكَ عَلَيَّ قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أفَلا أُعتِقُها؟ قَالَ: «ائتِني بهَا؟» فأتيتُه بِهَا فَقَالَ لَهَا: «أَيْنَ اللَّهُ؟» قَالَتْ: فِي السَّمَاءِ قَالَ: «مَنْ أَنَا؟» قَالَتْ: أَنْتَ رَسُولُ الله قَالَ: «أعتِقْها فإنَّها مؤْمنةٌ»
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 13a Hadith 1
Chapter 14a: Invoking Curses - Section 1
باب اللعان
Mishkat al-Masabih 3304
Sahl b. Sa'd as-Sa‘idi told that ‘Uwaimir al-'Ajlani asked God’s Messenger
“Tell me about a man who finds a man along with his wife. Should he kill him and then be killed by you1, or how should he act?’’ He replied, “A revelation has been sent down about you and your wife2, so go away and bring her.” Sahl said that they cursed one another in the mosque and that he was along with the people who were with God’s Messenger. Then when they finished ‘Uwaimir said, “I shall have lied against her, Messenger of God, if I keep her,” and pronounced her divorce three times. God’s Messenger then said to the people, “Look, and if she bears a child which is black, and has very black eyes, large buttocks and fat legs, I cannot but imagine that ‘Uwaimir has spoken the truth about her; but if she bears a reddish child like the lizard with red spots (wahara), I cannot but imagine that ‘Uwaimir has lied against her.” She gave birth to a child like that described by God’s Messenger in declaring that ‘Uwaimir had spoken the truth, and afterwards its lineage was traced to its mother. (Bukhari and Muslim.) 1. Some texts read as translated above; others use the third person, with reference to the family of the man and their revenge for killing him. 2. Al-Qur'an 24:6.عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ السَّاعِدِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنهُ قَالَ: إِن عُوَيْمِر الْعَجْلَانِيَّ قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَرَأَيْتَ رَجُلًا وجدَ معَ امرأتِهِ رجُلاً أيقْتُلُه فيَقْتُلُونه؟ أمْ كَيفَ أفعل؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «قدْ أُنْزِلُ فِيكَ وَفِي صَاحِبَتِكَ فَاذْهَبْ فَأْتِ بِهَا» قَالَ سَهْلٌ: فَتَلَاعَنَا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ وَأَنَا مَعَ النَّاسِ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَا قَالَ عُوَيْمِرٌ: كَذَبْتُ عَلَيْهَا يَا رسولَ اللَّهِ إِن أَمْسكْتُها فطلقتها ثَلَاثًا ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " انْظُرُوا فَإِنْ جَاءَتْ بِهِ أَسْحَمَ أَدْعَجَ الْعَيْنَيْنِ عَظِيمَ الْأَلْيَتَيْنِ خَدَلَّجَ السَّاقَيْنِ فَلَا أَحسب عُوَيْمِر إِلَّا قَدْ صَدَقَ عَلَيْهَا وَإِنْ جَاءَتْ بِهِ أُحَيْمِرَ كَأَنَّهُ وَحَرَةٌ فَلَا أَحْسِبُ عُوَيْمِرًا إِلَّا قَدْ كَذَبَ عَلَيْهَا فَجَاءَتْ بِهِ عَلَى النَّعْتِ الَّذِي نَعْتُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ تَصْدِيقِ عُوَيْمِرٍ فَكَانَ بَعْدُ يُنْسَبُ إِلَى أمه
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 14a Hadith 1
Mishkat al-Masabih 3305
Ibn ‘Umar said that the Prophet (ﷺ) made a man and his wife invoke curses when the man disowned her child, and separated them and attributed the child to the woman. In his tradition transmitted by both of them it says that God's Messenger exhorted and admonished the man and informed him that punishment in this world is easier than that in the next. He then summoned the woman and exhorted and admonished her and told her that punishment in this world is easier than that in the next. (Bukhari and Muslim.)
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَاعن بَين رجل وَامْرَأَته فانتقى مِنْ وَلَدِهَا فَفَرَّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَأَلْحَقَ الْوَلَدَ بِالْمَرْأَةِ. مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ. وَفِي حَدِيثِهِ لَهُمَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَعَظَهُ وَذَكَّرَهُ وَأَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ عَذَابَ الدُّنْيَا أَهْوَنُ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْآخِرَةِ ثُمَّ دَعَاهَا فَوَعَظَهَا وَذَكَّرَهَا وَأَخْبَرَهَا أَنَّ عَذَاب الدُّنْيَا أَهْون من عَذَاب الْآخِرَة
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 14a Hadith 2
Mishkat al-Masabih 3306
He reported the Prophet (ﷺ) as saying to two who were invoking curses regarding one another, “Your reckoning is in God’s hands, for one of you is lying.” He then told the man that he could not remarry her, whereupon he said, “Messenger of God, what about my property?”* He replied, “There is no property for you. If you have spoken the truth, it is the price of your having had the right to intercourse with her; and if you have lied against her, it is more remote still from you than she is.” * Referring to the dower be had paid. (Bukhari and Muslim.).
وَعَنْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لِلْمُتَلَاعِنَيْنِ: «حِسَابُكُمَا عَلَى اللَّهِ أَحَدُكُمَا كَاذِبٌ لَا سَبِيلَ لَكَ عَلَيْهَا» قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَالِي قَالَ: «لَا مَالَ لَكَ إِنْ كُنْتَ صَدَقْتَ عَلَيْهَا فَهُوَ بِمَا اسْتَحْلَلْتَ مِنْ فَرْجِهَا وَإِنْ كُنْتَ كَذَبْتَ عَلَيْهَا فَذَاكَ أَبْعَدُ وَأبْعد لَك مِنْهَا»
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 14a Hadith 3
Mishkat al-Masabih 3307
Ibn ‘Abbas said
Hilal b. Umayya accused his wife in the Prophet’s presence of having committed adultery with Sharik b. Sahma'. When the Prophet (ﷺ) told him that he must produce evidence or receive punishment on his back, he said, “Messenger of God, when one of us sees a man having intercourse with his wife, must he go and seek evidence?” But the Prophet (ﷺ) merely replied that he must produce evidence or receive punishment on his back. Hilal then said, “By Him who sent you with the truth, I am speaking truly. May God send down something which will free my back from punishment!” Then Gabriel descended and brought down to him, “And those who make charges against their spouses,” reciting till he reached, “if he is one of those who speak the truth” (Al-Qur’an 24:6-9).Then Hilal came and gave testimony and the Prophet (ﷺ) was saying, “God knows that one of you is lying. Will one of you repent?” Then the woman got up and testified, but when she was about to do it a fifth time they stopped her and told her that it would be the deciding one. Ibn ‘Abbas told that she then hesitated and drew back, so that they thought she would renounce what she had said; but thereafter she said, “I shall not disgrace my people forever,” and went on with her declaration. The Prophet (ﷺ) told them to look and see whether she gave birth to a child with eyes looking as if they had antimony in them, wide buttocks and fat legs, for if she did, Sharik b. Sahma' would be its father. Then when she gave birth to a child of that description the Prophet (ﷺ) said, “If it were not for what has already been stated in God’s Book, I would have dealt severely with her.” Bukhari transmitted it.وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: أَنَّ هِلَالَ بْنَ أُمَيَّةَ قَذَفَ امْرَأَتَهُ عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِشَرِيكِ بْنِ سَحْمَاءَ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «الْبَيِّنَةَ أَوْ حَدًّا فِي ظَهْرِكَ» فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِذَا رَأَى أَحَدُنَا عَلَى امْرَأَتِهِ رَجُلًا يَنْطَلِقُ يَلْتَمِسُ الْبَيِّنَةَ؟ فَجَعَلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «الْبَيِّنَةَ وَإِلَّا حَدٌّ فِي ظَهْرِكَ» فَقَالَ هِلَالٌ: وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ إِنِّي لَصَادِقٌ فَلْيُنْزِلَنَّ اللَّهُ مَا يُبَرِّئُ ظَهْرِي مِنَ الْحَدِّ فَنَزَلَ جِبْرِيلُ وَأنزل عَلَيْهِ: (وَالَّذين يرْمونَ أَزوَاجهم) فَقَرَأَ حَتَّى بَلَغَ (إِنْ كَانَ مِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ) فَجَاءَ هِلَالٌ فَشَهِدَ وَالنَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّ أَحَدَكُمَا كَاذِبٌ فَهَلْ مِنْكُمَا تَائِبٌ؟» ثُمَّ قَامَتْ فَشَهِدَتْ فَلَمَّا كَانَتْ عِنْدَ الْخَامِسَةِ وَقَفُوهَا وَقَالُوا: إِنَّهَا مُوجِبَةٌ فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: فَتَلَكَّأَتْ وَنَكَصَتْ حَتَّى ظَنَنَّا أَنَّهَا تَرْجِعُ ثُمَّ قَالَتْ: لَا أَفْضَحُ قَوْمِي سَائِرَ الْيَوْمِ فَمَضَتْ وَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «أَبْصِرُوهَا فَإِنْ جَاءَتْ بِهِ أَكْحَلَ الْعَيْنَيْنِ سَابِغَ الْأَلْيَتَيْنِ خَدَلَّجَ السَّاقِينَ فَهُوَ لِشَرِيكِ بْنِ سَحْمَاءَ» فَجَاءَتْ بِهِ كَذَلِكَ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَوْلَا مَا مَضَى مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ لَكَانَ لِي وَلَهَا شَأْن» . رَوَاهُ البُخَارِيّ
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 14a Hadith 4
Mishkat al-Masabih 3308
Abu Huraira told that Sa'd b. ‘Ubada asked, “If I were to find a man with my wife, should I not touch him before bringing four witnesses?” Then when God’s Messenger replied that that was so, he said, “By no means. I swear by Him who has sent you with the truth that I would take my sword to him before that.” God’s Messenger said, “Listen to what your chief says. He is jealous of his honour, but I am more jealous than he is and God is more jealous than I am.” Muslim transmitted it.
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ: لَوْ وَجَدْتُ مَعَ أَهْلِي رَجُلًا لَمْ أَمَسَّهُ حَتَّى آتِيَ بِأَرْبَعَةِ شُهَدَاءَ؟ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «نَعَمْ» قَالَ: كَلَّا وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ إِنْ كُنْتُ لَأُعَاجِلُهُ بِالسَّيْفِ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «اسْمَعُوا إِلَى مَا يَقُولُ سَيِّدُكُمْ إِنَّهُ لَغَيُورٌ وَأَنَا أَغْيَرُ مِنْهُ وَالله أغير مني» . رَوَاهُ مُسلم
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 14a Hadith 5
Mishkat al-Masabih 3309
Al-Mughira told that Sa'd b 'Ubada said, “If I saw a man with my wife I would strike him with the sword, and not with the flat of it.” When God’s Messenger heard of that he said, “Are you surprised at Sa'd’s jealousy? I swear by God that I am more jealous than he is and that God is more jealous than I am. Because of God’s jealousy He has prohibited abominations both open and secret. No one is fonder of receiving an excuse than God, on which account He has sent warners and announcers of good news; and no one is fonder of praise than God, on which account God has promised paradise.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)
وَعَنِ الْمُغِيرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ: لَوْ رَأَيْتُ رَجُلًا مَعَ امْرَأَتِي لَضَرَبْتُهُ بِالسَّيْفِ غَيْرَ مُصْفِحٍ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: «أَتَعْجَبُونَ مِنْ غَيْرَةِ سَعْدٍ؟ وَاللَّهِ لَأَنَا أَغْيَرُ مِنْهُ وَاللَّهُ أَغْيَرُ مِنِّي وَمِنْ أَجْلِ غَيْرَةِ اللَّهِ حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ الْفَوَاحِشَ مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْهَا وَمَا بَطَنَ وَلَا أَحَدَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْهِ الْعُذْرُ مِنَ اللَّهِ مِنْ أَجْلِ ذَلِكَ بَعَثَ الْمُنْذِرِينَ وَالْمُبَشِّرِينَ وَلَا أَحَدَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْهِ الْمِدْحَةُ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَمِنْ أَجْلِ ذَلِكَ وَعَدَ اللَّهُ الْجَنَّةَ»
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 14a Hadith 6
Mishkat al-Masabih 3310
Abu Huraira reported God’s Messenger as saying, “God most high is jealous of His honour, and the believer is jealous. God’s jealousy is to the effect that a believer should not commit what God has prohibited.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسلم: «إِن اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يَغَارُ وَإِنَّ الْمُؤْمِنَ يَغَارُ وَغَيْرَةُ اللَّهِ أَنْ لَا يَأْتِيَ الْمُؤْمِنُ مَا حَرَّمَ الله»
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 14a Hadith 7
Mishkat al-Masabih 3311
He told of a desert Arab who came to God’s Messenger and said, “My wife has given birth to a black son and I have disowned him.” God’s Messenger asked him whether he had any camels, and when he replied that he had, he asked what their colour was and was told that they were red. He asked if there was a dusky one among them, and was told that there were some. He asked how he thought that had come about, and was told that it was a strain to which they had reverted. Then saying that this was perhaps a strain to which the child had reverted, he did not permit him to disown him. (Bukhari and Muslim.)
وَعَنْهُ أَنَّ أَعْرَابِيًّا أَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: إنَّ امْرَأَتي ولدَتْ غُلَاما أسودَ وَإِنِّي نكرته فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «هَلْ لَكَ مِنْ إِبِلٍ؟» قَالَ: نَعَمْ قَالَ: «فَمَا أَلْوَانُهَا؟» قَالَ: حُمْرٌ قَالَ: «هَلْ فِيهَا مِنْ أَوْرَقَ؟» قَالَ: إِنَّ فِيهَا لَوُرْقًا قَالَ: «فَأَنَّى تُرَى ذَلِكَ جَاءَهَا؟» قَالَ: عِرْقٌ نَزَعَهَا. قَالَ: «فَلَعَلَّ هَذَا عِرْقٌ نَزَعَهُ» وَلَمْ يُرَخِّصْ لَهُ فِي الِانْتِفَاءِ مِنْهُ
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 14a Hadith 8
Mishkat al-Masabih 3312
‘A’isha said that ‘Utba b. Abu Waqqas enjoined his brother Sa'd b. Abu Waqqas that the son of Zam'a's slave girl was his, and told him to look after him. In the year of the Conquest Sa'd took him, saying he was his brother’s son, but ‘Abd b. Zam'a claimed him as his brother. They made a simultaneous plea to God’s Messenger, Sa‘d saying, “Messenger of God, my brother has enjoined me regarding him,” and ‘Abd b. Zam'a saying, "He is my brother and the son of my father's slave girl, being born on his bed.” God’s Messenger then said, "He belongs to you, ‘Abd b. Zam'a, for the child is attributed to the one on whose bed it is born, and the fornicator is deprived of any right.”1 He then told Sauda daughter of Zam'a to veil herself from him because of the resemblance to ‘Utba which he saw in him, and he did not see her till he went into God’s presence.2 In a version he said, “He is your brother, ‘Abd b. Zam'a because he was born on his father’s bed.”3 1. Al-hajar. This might alternatively mean that the fornicator is to be stoned. 2. i.e., until he died. 3. This explanatory addition does not occur in Masabih as-sunna. (Bukhari and Muslim.)
وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: كَانَ عُتْبَةُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ عَهِدَ إِلَى أَخِيهِ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ: أَنَّ ابْنَ وَلِيدَةِ زَمْعَةَ مِنِّي فَاقْبِضْهُ إِلَيْكَ فَلَمَّا كَانَ عَامُ الْفَتْحِ أَخَذَهُ سَعْدٌ فَقَالَ: إِنَّهُ ابْنُ أَخِي وَقَالَ عَبْدُ بْنُ زَمْعَةَ: أَخِي فَتَسَاوَقَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ أَخِي كَانَ عَهِدَ إِلَيَّ فِيهِ وَقَالَ عَبْدُ بْنُ زَمْعَةَ: أَخِي وَابْن وليدة أبي وُلِدَ على فرَاشه فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «هُوَ لَكَ يَا عَبْدُ بْنَ زَمْعَةَ الْوَلَدُ لِلْفِرَاشِ وَلِلْعَاهِرِ الْحَجَرُ» ثُمَّ قَالَ لِسَوْدَةَ بِنْتِ زَمْعَةَ: «احْتَجِبِي مِنْهُ» لِمَا رَأَى مِنْ شَبَهِهِ بِعُتْبَةَ فَمَا رَآهَا حَتَّى لَقِيَ اللَّهَ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: قَالَ: «هُوَ أَخُوكَ يَا عَبْدُ بْنَ زَمَعَةَ مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنَّهُ وُلِدَ عَلَى فِرَاشِ أَبِيهِ»
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 14a Hadith 9
Mishkat al-Masabih 3313
She said
One day God's Messenger visited me looking pleased and asked if I was not surprised to hear that Mujazziz al-Mudlijl1 had entered, and seeing Usama and Zaid2 with a rug over them covering their heads and letting their feet appear, said, “These feet are related.” (Bukhari and Muslim.) 1. Members of the tribe of Mudlij were said to have a reputation for being able to trace relationship from physical features. 2. Usama was Zaid's son.وَعَنْهَا قَالَتْ: دَخَلَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ وَهُوَ مَسْرُورٌ فَقَالَ: " أَيْ عَائِشَةُ أَلَمْ تَرَيْ أَنَّ مُجَزِّزًا الْمُدْلِجِيَّ دَخَلَ فَلَمَّا رَأَى أُسَامَةَ وَزَيْدًا وَعَلَيْهِمَا قطيفةٌ قد غطيَّا رؤوسَهُما وَبَدَتْ أَقْدَامُهُمَا فَقَالَ: إِنَّ هَذِهِ الْأَقْدَامَ بَعْضُهَا من بعضٍ "
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 14a Hadith 10
Mishkat al-Masabih 3314
Sa‘d b. Abu Waqqas and Abu Bakra reported God’s Messenger as saying, "If anyone knowingly claims as father one who is not his father, paradise is forbidden to him.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)
وَعَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ وَأَبِي بَكْرَةَ قَالَا: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنِ ادَّعَى إِلَى غَيْرِ أَبِيهِ وَهُوَ يَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ غَيْرُ أَبِيهِ فَالْجَنَّةُ عَلَيْهِ حرَام»
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 14a Hadith 11
Mishkat al-Masabih 3315
‘Abu Huraira reported God’s Messenger as saying, "Do not turn against your fathers, for he who turns against his father has become an infidel.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا تَرْغَبُوا عَنْ آبَائِكُمْ فَمَنْ رَغِبَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ فقد كفر»
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 14a Hadith 12
Chapter 14b: Invoking Curses - Section 2
باب اللعان - الفصل الثاني
Mishkat al-Masabih 3316
Abu Huraira told that he heard the Prophet (ﷺ) say when the verse about invoking curses1 came down
"Any woman who brings into a family one who does not belong to it can expect no mercy from God (or is no observer of God’s religion) and God will not bring her into His paradise; and God will veil Himself from any man who disowns his child when he looks at him, and shame him in the presence of all creatures, first and last.” Abu Dawud, Nasa'i and Darimi transmitted it. 1. Al-Qur’an 24:6عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ آيَةُ الْمُلَاعَنَةِ: «أَيُّمَا امْرَأَةٍ أَدْخَلَتْ عَلَى قَوْمٍ مَنْ لَيْسَ مِنْهُمْ فَلَيْسَتْ مِنَ اللَّهِ فِي شَيْءٍ وَلَنْ يُدْخِلَهَا اللَّهُ جَنَّتَهُ وَأَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ جَحَدَ وَلَدَهُ وَهُوَ يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِ احْتَجَبَ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ وفضَحَهُ على رؤوسِ الْخَلَائِقِ فِي الْأَوَّلِينَ وَالْآخِرِينَ» . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالنَّسَائِيّ والدارمي
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 14b Hadith 1
Mishkat al-Masabih 3317
Ibn ‘Abbas told of a man coming to the Prophet (ﷺ) and saying, “I have a wife who rejects no one who wishes intercourse with her,” but when he told him to divorce her he replied that he loved her, so he told him that in that case he should keep her. Abu Dawud and Nasa’i transmitted it, Nasa’i saying that one of the transmitters traced it to Ibn ‘Abbas and that one did not, adding that this tradition is not well established.
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: إِن لِي امْرَأَةً لَا تَرُدُّ يَدَ لَامِسٍ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «طَلِّقْهَا» قَالَ: إِنِّي أُحِبُّها قَالَ: «فأمسِكْهَا إِذا» . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ وَقَالَ النَّسَائِيُّ: رَفَعَهُ أَحَدُ الرُّوَاةِ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَأَحَدُهُمْ لَمْ يرفعهُ قَالَ: وَهَذَا الحَدِيث لَيْسَ بِثَابِت
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 14b Hadith 2
Mishkat al-Masabih 3318
‘Amr b. Shu'aib, on his father’s authority, told of his grandfather saying
The Prophet (ﷺ) decided regarding one who is treated as a member of a family after the death of his father to whom he is attributed when the heirs say he is one of them, that if he is the child of a slave woman whom the father owned when he had intercourse with her he is included among those who seek his inclusion, but gets none of the inheritance which was previously divided;* he however gets his portion of the inheritance which has not already been divided, but if the father to whom he is attributed had disowned him he is not joined to the heirs. If he is the child of a slave woman whom the father did not possess or of a freewoman with whom he had illicit intercourse, he is not joined to the heirs and does not inherit even if the one to whom he is attributed is the one who claims paternity, for he is a child of fornication whether his mother was free or a slave. Abu Dawud transmitted it. *Mirqat 3:506 explains this as a reference to what had happened in the pre-Islamic period.وَعَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قضى أَن كل مستحلق استحلق بَعْدَ أَبِيهِ الَّذِي يُدْعَى لَهُ ادَّعَاهُ وَرَثَتُهُ فَقَضَى أَنَّ كُلَّ مَنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَمَةٍ يملكهَا يَوْم أَصَابَهَا فقد لحق بِمن استحلقه وَلَيْسَ لَهُ مِمَّا قُسِمَ قَبْلَهُ مِنَ الْمِيرَاثِ شَيْءٌ وَمَا أَدْرَكَ مِنْ مِيرَاثٍ لَمْ يُقْسَمْ فَلَهُ نَصِيبُهُ وَلَا يَلْحَقُ إِذَا كَانَ أَبُوهُ الَّذِي يُدْعَى لَهُ أَنْكَرَهُ فَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ أمَةٍ لم يَملِكْها أَو من حُرَّةٍ عَاهَرَ بِهَا فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَلْحَقُ بِهِ وَلَا يَرِثُ وَإِنْ كَانَ الَّذِي يُدْعَى لَهُ هُوَ الَّذِي ادَّعَاهُ فَهُوَ وَلَدُ زِنْيَةٍ مِنْ حُرَّةٍ كَانَ أَوْ أَمَةٍ. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 14b Hadith 3
Mishkat al-Masabih 3319
Jabir b. ‘Atik reported God’s prophet as saying, ‘‘There is jealousy which God loves and jealousy which God hates. That which He loves is jealousy regarding a matter of doubt, and that which He hates is jealousy regarding something which is not doubtful. There is pride which God hates and pride which God loves. That which He loves is a man’s pride when fighting and when giving sadaqa, and that which God hates is pride shown by boasting.” A version has “by oppression.” Ahmad, Abu Dawud and Nasa’i transmitted it.
وَعَن جابرِ بنِ عتيكٍ أَنَّ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَنْ الْغَيْرَةِ مَا يُحِبُّ اللَّهُ وَمِنْهَا مَا يُبْغِضُ اللَّهُ فَأَمَّا الَّتِي يُحِبُّهَا اللَّهُ فَالْغَيْرَةُ فِي الرِّيبَةِ وَأَمَّا الَّتِي يُبْغِضُهَا اللَّهُ فَالْغَيْرَةُ فِي غَيْرِ رِيبَةٍ وَإِنَّ مِنَ الْخُيَلَاءِ مَا يُبْغِضُ اللَّهُ وَمِنْهَا مَا يُحِبُّ اللَّهُ فَأَمَّا الْخُيَلَاءُ الَّتِي يُحِبُّ اللَّهُ فَاخْتِيَالُ الرَّجُلِ عِنْدَ الْقِتَالِ وَاخْتِيَالُهُ عِنْدَ الصَّدَقَةِ وَأَمَّا الَّتِي يُبْغِضُ اللَّهُ فَاخْتِيَالُهُ فِي الْفَخْرِ» وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: «فِي الْبَغْيِ» . رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 14b Hadith 4
Chapter 14c: Invoking Curses - Section 3
باب اللعان - الفصل الثالث
Mishkat al-Masabih 3320
‘Amr b. Shu'aib, on his father’s authority, said that his grandfather told of a man who got up and said, “Messenger of God, so and so is my son; I had illicit intercourse with his mother in the pre-Islamic period.” God’s Messenger replied, “There is no unlawful claiming of paternity in Islam. What was done in pre-Islamic times has been annulled. The child is attributed to the one on whose bed it is born, and the fornicator is deprived of any right.” Abu Dawud transmitted it.
عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ قَالَ: قَامَ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ فَلَانًا ابْنِي عَاهَرْتُ بِأُمِّهِ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا دِعْوَةَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ ذَهَبَ أَمْرُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ الْوَلَدُ لِلْفِرَاشِ وَلِلْعَاهِرِ الْحَجَرُ» . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 14c Hadith 1
Mishkat al-Masabih 3321
He reported the Prophet (ﷺ) as saying, “There are four types of women with whom there can be no cursing
* a Christian woman married to a Muslim, a Jewess married to a Muslim, a freewoman married to a slave, and a slave woman married to a freeman.” *That is the mutual invoking of curses with which this chapter deals. Ibn Majah transmitted it.وَعَنْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " أَرْبَعٌ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ لَا مُلَاعَنَةَ بَيْنَهُنَّ: النَّصْرَانِيَّةُ تَحْتَ الْمُسْلِمِ وَالْيَهُودِيَّةُ تَحْتَ الْمُسْلِمِ وَالْحُرَّةُ تَحْتَ الْمَمْلُوكِ وَالْمَمْلُوكَةُ تَحْتَ الْحُرِّ ". رَوَاهُ ابْنُ مَاجَه
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 14c Hadith 2
Mishkat al-Masabih 3322
Ibn ‘Abbas said that when the Prophet (ﷺ) ordered a man and wife to invoke curses regarding one another, he ordered a man to put his hand on his mouth when he came to the fifth utterance, saying that it would be the deciding one. Nasa’i transmitted it.
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَمَرَ رَجُلًا حِينَ أَمَرَ الْمُتَلَاعِنَيْنِ أَنْ يَتَلَاعَنَا أَنْ يَضَعَ يَدَهُ عِنْدَ الْخَامِسَةِ عَلَى فِيهِ وَقَالَ: «إِنَّهَا مُوجِبَةٌ» . رَوَاهُ النَّسَائِيُّ
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 14c Hadith 3
Mishkat al-Masabih 3323
‘A'isha said that once when God’s Messenger went out from her during the night she was jealous regarding him. Then when he came and saw what she was doing he said, “What is the matter with you, ‘A'isha? Are you jealous?” She replied, “Why should one like me not be jealous regarding one like you?” He said, “Your devil has come to you.” She asked, “Messenger of God, have I a devil?” He told her that she had, and when she asked him whether he had one he replied, “Yes, but God has helped me against him so that I may be safe.” Muslim transmitted it.
وَعَنْ عَائِشَةَ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَرَجَ مِنْ عِنْدِهَا لَيْلًا قَالَتْ: فَغِرْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَجَاءَ فَرَأَى مَا أَصْنَعُ فَقَالَ: «مَا لَكِ يَا عَائِشَةُ أَغِرْتِ؟» فَقُلْتُ: وَمَا لِي؟ لَا يَغَارُ مِثْلِي عَلَى مِثْلِكَ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَقَدْ جَاءَكِ شَيْطَانُكِ» قَالَتْ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَمْعِي شَيْطَانٌ؟ قَالَ: «نَعَمْ» قُلْتُ: وَمَعَكَ يَا رَسُولَ الله؟ قَالَ: «نعم وَلَكِن أعانني علَيهِ حَتَّى أسلَمَ» . رَوَاهُ مُسلم
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 14c Hadith 4
Chapter 15a: The Period a Divorced Woman must Wait before she may Remarry - Section 1
باب العدة - الفصل الأول
Mishkat al-Masabih 3324
Abu Salama was told by Fatima daughter of Qais that Abu ‘Amr b. Hafs divorced her absolutely when he was away from home, and his agent sent her some barley. She was displeased with it, and when he said, “I swear by God that you have no claim on us,” she went to God’s Messenger and mentioned that to him. Saying that she was due no maintenance, he ordered her to spend the period before she could remarry in the house of Umm Sharik, but said afterwards, “That is a woman whom my companions visit; spend the period in the house of Ibn Umm Maktum, for he is blind and you can undress. Then when you are in a position to be remarried, tell me." She said that when she was in a position to remarry she mentioned to him that Mu'awiya b. Abu Sufyan and Abu Jahm had asked her in marriage, and he replied, “As for Abu Jahm, he does not put down his stick from his shoulder, and as for Mu'awiya, he is a poor man who has no property; marry Usama b. Zaid." She objected to him, but he said, “Marry Usama," so she married him, God prospered him, and she was envied. A version on her authority has, “As for Abu Jahm, he is a man who is given to beating women." In a version it says that her husband divorced her three times and that when she went to the Prophet (ﷺ) he said, “You are due no maintenance unless you are pregnant." Muslim transmitted it.
عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتِ قَيْسٍ: أَنَّ أَبَا عَمْرِو بْنَ حَفْصٍ طَلَّقَهَا الْبَتَّةَ وَهُوَ غَائِبٌ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهَا وَكِيْلُهُ الشَّعِيرَ فَسَخِطَتْهُ فَقَالَ: وَاللَّهِ مَا لَكِ عَلَيْنَا مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَجَاءَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَقَالَ: «لَيْسَ لَكِ نَفَقَةٌ» فَأَمَرَهَا أَنْ تَعْتَدَّ فِي بَيْتِ أُمِّ شَرِيكٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ: «تِلْكِ امْرَأَةٌ يَغْشَاهَا أَصْحَابِي اعْتَدِّي عِنْدَ ابْنِ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ فَإِنَّهُ رَجُلٌ أَعْمَى تَضَعِينَ ثِيَابَكِ فَإِذَا حَلَلْتِ فَآذِنِينِي» . قَالَتْ: فَلَمَّا حَلَلْتُ ذَكَرْتُ لَهُ أَنَّ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ وَأَبَا جَهْمٍ خَطَبَانِي فَقَالَ: «أَمَّا أَبُو الْجَهْمِ فَلَا يَضَعُ عَصَاهُ عَنْ عَاتِقِهِ وَأَمَّا مُعَاوِيَةُ فَصُعْلُوكٌ لَا مَالَ لَهُ انْكِحِي أُسَامَةَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ» فَكَرِهْتُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ: «انْكِحِي أُسَامَةَ» فَنَكَحْتُهُ فَجَعَلَ اللَّهُ فِيهِ خَيْرًا وَاغْتَبَطْتُ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ عَنْهَا: «فَأَمَّا أَبُو جَهْمٍ فَرَجُلٌ ضَرَّابٌ لِلنِّسَاءِ» . رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: أَنَّ زَوْجَهَا طَلَّقَهَا ثَلَاثًا فَأَتَتِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: «لَا نَفَقَةَ لَكِ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونِي حَامِلا»
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 15a Hadith 1
Mishkat al-Masabih 3325
'A'isha said that Fatima was in a lonely place and fear was entertained regarding the district where she was, so the Prophet (ﷺ) gave her permission, i.e., to remove. In a version she asked what was the matter with Fatima and whether she did not fear God, i.e., with reference to her saying that she had no place to live and no maintenance. Bukhari transmitted it.
وَعَن عائشةَ قَالَتْ: إِنَّ فَاطِمَةَ كَانَتْ فِي مَكَانٍ وَحِشٍ فَخِيفَ عَلَى نَاحِيَتِهَا فَلِذَلِكَ رَخَّصَ لَهَا النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسلم تَعْنِي النُّقْلَةِ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: قَالَتْ: مَا لِفَاطِمَةَ؟ أَلَا تَتَّقِي اللَّهَ؟ تَعْنِي فِي قَوْلِهَا: لَا سُكْنَى وَلَا نَفَقَة. رَوَاهُ البُخَارِيّ
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 15a Hadith 2
Mishkat al-Masabih 3326
Sa'id b. al-Musayyib said that Fatima was removed simply because she had so much to say against her husband’s relatives. It is transmitted in Sharh as-sunna.
وَعَن سعيدِ بنِ المسيِّبِ قَالَ: إِنَّمَا نُقِلَتْ فَاطِمَةُ لِطُولِ لِسَانِهَا عَلَى أحمائِها. رَوَاهُ فِي شرح السّنة
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 15a Hadith 3
Mishkat al-Masabih 3327
Jabir said
My maternal aunt was divorced by three utterances of the divorce and wanted to cut down fruit from her palm-trees, but a man forbade her to go out, so she went to the Prophet (ﷺ) and he said, “Certainly, cut down fruit from your palm-trees, for perhaps you may give sadaqa or do an act of kindness.” Muslim transmitted it.وَعَن جابرٍ قَالَ: طُلِّقَتْ خَالَتِي ثَلَاثًا فَأَرَادَتْ أَنْ تَجُدَّ نَخْلَهَا فَزَجَرَهَا رَجُلٌ أَنْ تَخْرُجَ فَأَتَتِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: «بَلَى فَجُدِّي نَخْلَكِ فَإِنَّهُ عَسَى أَنْ تَصَّدَّقِي أَوْ تَفْعَلِي مَعْرُوفا» . رَوَاهُ مُسلم
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 15a Hadith 4
Mishkat al-Masabih 3328
Al-Miswar b. Makhrama said that some nights after her husband’s death Subai’a al-Aslamiya gave birth to a child. Then she went to the Prophet (ﷺ) and asked permission to marry. He gave her permission and she married. Bukhari transmitted it.
وَعَنِ الْمِسْوَرِ بْنِ مَخْرَمَةَ: أَنَّ سُبَيْعَةَ الْأَسْلَمِيَّةَ نُفِسَتْ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ زَوْجِهَا بِلَيَالٍ فَجَاءَتِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَاسْتَأْذَنَتْهُ أَنْ تَنْكِحَ فأذِنَ لَهَا فنكحت. رَوَاهُ البُخَارِيّ
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 15a Hadith 5
Mishkat al-Masabih 3329
Umm Salama told that a woman came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said
"Messenger of God, my daughter’s husband has died and her eye is troubling her, so may we apply collyrium to it?” He said “No” twice or thrice, saying only “No” all the time. Then he said, “It is only four months and ten days, whereas in the pre-Islamic period none of you threw away the piece of dung till a year had passed.”* * The reference is to a pre-Islamic custom by which a widow threw a piece of dung when her idda period came to an end. Cf. Lane, Lexicon and Taj al-'arus; Mirqat, 3:513 f. (Bukhari and Muslim.)وَعَن أُمِّ سلمةَ قَالَتْ: جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَتْ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ ابْنَتِي تُوُفِّيَ عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا وَقَدِ اشْتَكَتْ عَيْنُهَا أَفَنَكْحُلُهَا؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا» مَرَّتَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثًا كُلُّ ذَلِكَ يَقُولُ: «لَا» قَالَ: «إِنَّمَا هِيَ أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وعشرٌ وَقد كَانَت إِحْدَاهُنَّ فِي الجاهليَّةِ تَرْمِي بِالْبَعْرَةِ عَلَى رَأْسِ الْحَوْلِ»
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 15a Hadith 6
Mishkat al-Masabih 3330
Umm Habiba and Zainab daughter of Jahsh reported God’s Messenger as saying, “It is not lawful for a woman who believes in God and the last day to observe mourning for one who has died more than three nights, except for the four months and ten days in the case of a husband.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)
وَعَنْ أُمِّ حَبِيبَةَ وَزَيْنَبَ بِنْتِ جحش عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «لَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرَأَةٍ تُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ أَنْ تُحِدَّ عَلَى مَيِّتٍ فَوْقَ ثَلَاثِ لَيَالٍ إِلَّا عَلَى زَوْجٍ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا»
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 15a Hadith 7
Mishkat al-Masabih 3331
Umm 'Atiya reported God’? Messenger as saying, “A woman must not observe mourning for one who has died more than three nights, except for the four months and ten days in the case of a husband, and she must not wear a dyed garment except one of the type made of dyed yarn,1 or apply collyrium, or touch perfume except for a little costus or azfar2 when she has been purified after her courses.” 1. ‘Asb. This word is applied to a type of Yemen garment which was made of cloth which was dyed before being woven. 2. A certain odoriferous substance resembling finger-nails, used in incense. (Bukhari and Muslim.) Abu Dawud added, “or apply henna.”
وَعَن أُمِّ عطيَّةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «لَا تُحِدُّ امْرَأَةٌ عَلَى مَيِّتٍ فَوْقَ ثَلَاثٍ إِلَّا عَلَى زَوْجٍ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا وَلَا تَلْبَسُ ثَوْبًا مَصْبُوغًا إِلَّا ثَوْبَ عَصْبٍ وَلَا تكتحِلُ وَلَا تَمَسُّ طِيبًا إِلَّا إِذَا طَهُرَتْ نُبْذَةً مِنْ قُسْطٍ أَوْ أَظْفَارٍ» . مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ. وَزَادَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ: «وَلَا تختضب»
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 15a Hadith 8
Chapter 15b: The Period a Divorced Woman must Wait before she may Remarry - Section 2
باب العدة - الفصل الثاني
Mishkat al-Masabih 3332
Zainab daughter of Ka‘b said that al-Furai‘a daughter of Malik b. Sinan and sister of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri informed her that she went to God’s Messenger and asked to be allowed to return to her people among the B. Khudra, for her husband had gone out in search of some slaves of his who had run away and they had killed him. She said she asked God's Messenger to be allowed to return to her people, for her husband had not left her in a house which belonged to him, nor had he left any maintenance and that when he agreed she went away, but when she was in the courtyard (or in the mosque) he called her and said, “Stay in your house till the prescribed period is ended.” She said that she observed the period in it for four months and ten days. Malik, Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud, Nasa’i,. Ibn Majah and Darimi transmitted it.
عَن زَيْنَب بنت كَعْب: أَنَّ الْفُرَيْعَةَ بِنْتَ مَالِكِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ وَهِيَ أُخْتُ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ أَخْبَرَتْهَا أَنَّهَا جَاءَتْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ تَسْأَلُهُ أَنْ تَرْجِعَ إِلَى أَهْلِهَا فِي بَنِي خُدْرَةَ فَإِنَّ زَوْجَهَا خَرَجَ فِي طَلَبِ أَعْبُدٍ لَهُ أَبَقُوا فَقَتَلُوهُ قَالَتْ: فَسَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ أَرْجِعَ إِلَى أَهْلِي فَإِنَّ زَوْجِي لَمْ يَتْرُكْنِي فِي مَنْزِلٍ يَمْلِكُهُ وَلَا نَفَقَةٍ فَقَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «نَعَمْ» . فَانْصَرَفْتُ حَتَّى إِذَا كُنْتُ فِي الْحُجْرَةِ أَوْ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ دَعَانِي فَقَالَ: «امْكُثِي فِي بَيْتِكِ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ الْكِتَابُ أَجَلَهُ» . قَالَتْ: فَأَعْتَدَدْتُ فِيهِ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا. رَوَاهُ مَالِكٌ وَالتِّرْمِذِيُّ وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ وَابْنُ مَاجَهْ وَالدَّارِمِيُّ
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 15b Hadith 1
Mishkat al-Masabih 3333
Umm Salama said
God’s Messenger came to visit me when Abu Salama died, and I had put the juice of aloes on myself. He asked me what it was, and I told him it was only the juice of aloes and contained no perfume, so he said, “It gives the face a glow, so apply it only at night and remove it in the daytime, and do not comb yourself with scent or henna, for it is a dye.” I asked God’s Messenger what I should use when combing myself, and he told me to use lote-tree leaves and smear my head copiously with them. Abu Dawud and Nasa’i transmitted it.وَعَن أُمِّ سلمَةَ قَالَتْ: دَخَلَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حِينَ تُوُفِّيَ أَبُو سَلَمَةَ وَقَدْ جعلتُ عليَّ صَبِراً فَقَالَ: «مَا هَذَا يَا أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ؟» . قُلْتُ: إِنَّمَا هُوَ صَبِرٌ لَيْسَ فِيهِ طِيبٌ فَقَالَ: «إِنَّهُ يَشُبُّ الْوَجْهَ فَلَا تَجْعَلِيهِ إِلَّا بِاللَّيْلِ وَتَنْزِعِيهِ بِالنَّهَارِ وَلَا تَمْتَشِطِي بِالطِّيبِ وَلَا بِالْحِنَّاءِ فَإِنَّهُ خضاب» . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد وَالنَّسَائِيّ
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 15b Hadith 2
Mishkat al-Masabih 3334
She reported the Prophet (ﷺ) as saying, “One whose husband has died must not wear garments dyed with saffron or red clay, or jewels, and she must not apply henna or collyrium. Abu Dawud and Nasa'i transmitted it.
وَعَنْهَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «المُتوَفّى عَنْهَا زوجُها لَا تَلبسُ المُعَصفَرَ مِنَ الثِّيَابِ وَلَا الْمُمَشَّقَةَ وَلَا الْحُلِيَّ وَلَا تَخْتَضِبُ وَلَا تَكْتَحِلُ» . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 15b Hadith 3
Chapter 15c: The Period a Divorced Woman must Wait before she may Remarry - Section 3
باب العدة - الفصل الثالث
Mishkat al-Masabih 3335
Sulaiman b. Yasar told that al-Ahwas died in Syria when his wife whom he had divorced was at the beginning of her third menstrual period, as Mu'awiya b. Abu Sufyan wrote to Zaid b. Thabit asking him about that. Zaid wrote in reply that when she began her third period she was free from him and he was free from her; he could not inherit from her or she from him. Malik transmitted it.
عَن سُليمانَ بنِ يَسارٍ: أَنَّ الْأَحْوَصَ هَلَكَ بِالشَّامِ حِينَ دَخَلَتِ امْرَأَتُهُ فِي الدَّمِ مِنَ الْحَيْضَةِ الثَّالِثَةِ وَقَدْ كَانَ طَلَّقَهَا فَكَتَبَ مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ إِلَى زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ يَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ زِيدٌ: إِنَّهَا إِذَا دَخَلَتْ فِي الدَّمِ مِنَ الْحَيْضَةِ الثَّالِثَةِ فَقَدْ بَرِئَتْ مِنْهُ وَبَرِئَ مِنْهَا لَا يرِثُها وَلَا ترِثُه. رَوَاهُ مَالك
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 15c Hadith 1
Mishkat al-Masabih 3336
Sa'id b. al-Musayyib reported ‘Umar b. al-Khattab as saying, “If any woman is divorced and has one or two menstrual periods then stops menstruating she must wait nine months, and if it is apparent that she is pregnant the rules concerning that are applied; otherwise she must observe a period of three months after the nine months are ended, after which she may lawfully remarry. Malik transmitted it.
وَعَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ قَالَ: قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَيُّمَا امْرَأَةٍ طُلِّقَتْ فَحَاضَتْ حَيْضَةً أَوْ حَيْضَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ رُفِعَتْهَا حيضتُها فإنَّها تنتظِرُ تسعةَ أشهرٍ فإنْ بانَ لَهَا حَمْلٌ فَذَلِكَ وَإِلَّا اعْتَدَّتْ بَعْدَ التِّسْعَةِ الْأَشْهَرِ ثلاثةَ أشهرٍ ثمَّ حلَّتْ. رَوَاهُ مَالك
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 15c Hadith 2
Chapter 16a: Waiting till one Menstrual Period has Passed in the case of a newly Purchased Slavewoman - Section 1
باب الاستبراء - الفصل الأول
Mishkat al-Masabih 3337
Abu-d Darda’ said that when the Prophet (ﷺ) passed a woman who was near the time to be delivered of a child he asked about her and was told that she was so and so’s slave woman. He asked whether he was having sexual intercourse with her, and when he was told that he was, he said, “I am inclined to invoke a curse on him which will enter his grave with him. How can he take the child into his service when that is not lawful for him, or how can he make it an heir when that is not lawful for him?”* * The reason for the curse is said to be because he did wait the prescribed period after acquiring the woman and so could not know whether the child was his or not. If he treated the child as a slave he might be enslaving his own son, and if he treated it as an heir he might be doing this to one who was not his son. Muslim transmitted it.
عَنْ أَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ قَالَ: مَرَّ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِامْرَأَةٍ مُجِحٍّ فَسَأَلَ عَنْهَا فَقَالُوا: أَمَةٌ لِفُلَانٍ قَالَ: «أَيُلِمُّ بِهَا؟» قَالُوا: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: «لَقَدْ هَمَمْتُ أَنْ أَلْعَنَهُ لَعْنًا يَدْخُلُ مَعَهُ فِي قَبْرِهِ كَيْفَ يَسْتَخْدِمُهُ وَهُوَ لَا يَحِلُّ لَهُ؟ أَمْ كَيْفَ يُوَرِّثُهُ وَهُوَ لَا يحلُّ لَهُ؟» . رَوَاهُ مُسلم
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 16a Hadith 1
Chapter 16b: Waiting till one Menstrual Period has Passed in the case of a newly Purchased Slavewoman - Section 2
باب الاستبراء - الفصل الثاني
Mishkat al-Masabih 3338
Abu Sa'id al-Khurdi traced to the Prophet (ﷺ) the following statement regarding the captives taken at Autas, “There must be no intercourse with a pregnant woman till she gives birth to her child, or with one who is not pregnant till she has had one menstrual period.” Ahmad, Abu Dawud and Darimi transmitted it.
عَن أبي سعيدٍ الخدريِّ رَفْعَهُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ فِي سَبَايَا أَوْطَاسٍ: «لَا تُوطَأُ حَامِلٌ حَتَّى تَضَعَ وَلَا غَيْرُ ذَاتِ حَمْلٍ حَتَّى تَحِيضَ حَيْضَةً» . رَوَاهُ أَحْمَدُ وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالدَّارِمِيُّ
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 16b Hadith 1
Mishkat al-Masabih 3339
Ruwaifi' b. Thabit. reported God’s Messenger as saying on the day of Hunain, “It is not lawful for a man who believes in God and the last day to water what another has sown with his water (meaning intercourse with women who are pregnant); it is not lawful for a man who believes in God and the last day to have intercourse with a captive woman till she has had a menstrual period; and it is not lawful for a man who believes in God and the last day to sell spoil till it is divided.” Abu Dawud transmitted it, and Tirmidhi transmitted it up to “what another has sown with his water.”
وَعَنْ رُوَيْفِعِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسلم يَوْم حُنَيْنٍ: «لَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرِئٍ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ أَنْ يسْقِي مَاء زَرْعَ غَيْرِهِ» يَعْنِي إِتْيَانَ الْحُبَالَى «وَلَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرِئٍ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ أَنْ يَقَعَ عَلَى امْرَأَةٍ مِنَ السَّبْيِ حَتَّى يَسْتَبْرِئَهَا وَلَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرِئٍ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ أَنْ يَبِيعَ مَغْنَمًا حَتَى يُقَسَّمَ» . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَرَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيّ إِلَى قَوْله «زرع غَيره»
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 16b Hadith 2
Chapter 16c: Waiting till one Menstrual Period has Passed in the case of a newly Purchased Slavewoman - Section 3
باب الاستبراء - الفصل الثالث
Mishkat al-Masabih 3340
Malik said he heard that God's Messenger used to command that no intercourse be had with slave women till they had had a menstrual period if they were of the number who had such periods, or till three months had passed in the case of those who did not, and forbid watering another man's water. Razin transmitted.
عَن مَالِكٍ قَالَ: بَلَغَنِي أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يَأْمُرُ بِاسْتِبْرَاءِ الْإِمَاءِ بِحَيْضَةٍ إِنْ كَانَتْ مِمَّنْ تَحِيضُ وَثَلَاثَةِ أَشْهُرٍ إِنْ كَانَت مِمَّن تحيض وَينْهى عَن سقِِي مَاء الْغَيْر
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 16c Hadith 1
Mishkat al-Masabih 3341
Ibn ‘Umar said that when a girl with whom intercourse might be had was given as a present, or sold, or set free, it was necessary to wait till she had had a menstrual period, but that this was unnecessary in the case of a virgin. Razin transmitted.
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ: أَنَّهُ قَالَ: إِذَا وُهِبَتْ الْوَلِيدَةُ الَّتِي تُوطَأُ أَوْ بِيعَتْ أَوْ أُعْتِقَتْ فَلْتَسْتَبْرِئْ رَحِمَهَا بِحَيْضَةٍ وَلَا تُسْتَبْرَئُ الْعَذْرَاءُ. رَوَاهُمَا رزين
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 16c Hadith 2
Chapter 17a: Maintenance, and a Slave’s Rights - Section 1
باب النفقات وحق المملوك - الفصل الأول
Mishkat al-Masabih 3342
‘A’isha told that Hind daughter of ‘Utba said, “Messenger of God, Abu Sufyan is a niggardly man who does not give me and my son enough; except what I take from him without his knowledge.” He replied, “Take what is enough for you and your son to the extent recognised by the law.”* * Bil ma’roof.This is what is generally recognised as reasonable. The amount would vary according to the circumstances of the people. (Bukhari and Muslim.)
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: إِنَّ هندا بنت عتبَة قَالَت: يَا رَسُول الله إِن أَبَا سُفْيَان رجل شحيح وَلَيْسَ يعطيني مَا يَكْفِينِي وَوَلَدي إِلَّا مَا أخذت مِنْهُ وَهُوَ يعلم فَقَالَ: «خذي مَا يَكْفِيك وولدك بِالْمَعْرُوفِ»
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17a Hadith 1
Mishkat al-Masabih 3343
Jabir b. Samura reported God’s Messenger as saying, “When God prospers any of you he should spend first on himself and his family.” Muslim transmitted it.
وَعَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ سَمُرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسلم: «إِذا أعْطى الله أحدكُم خيرا فليبدأ بِنَفسِهِ وَأهل بَيته» . رَوَاهُ مُسلم
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17a Hadith 2
Mishkat al-Masabih 3344
Abu Huraira reported God’s Messenger as saying, “A slave is entitled to his food and clothing, and he should have imposed on him only such work as he is capable of doing.” Muslim transmitted it.
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسلم: «للمملوك طَعَامه وَكسوته وَلَا يُكَلف من الْعَمَل إِلَّا مَا يُطيق» . رَوَاهُ مُسلم
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17a Hadith 3
Mishkat al-Masabih 3345
Abu Dharr reported God’s Messenger as saying, “God has put your brethren under your authority, so he who has his brother put under his authority by God must feed him from what he eats, clothe him from what he wears, and not impose on him work which is too much for him, but if he does so he must help him with it.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)
وَعَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «إِخْوَانُكُمْ جَعَلَهُمُ اللَّهُ تَحْتَ أَيْدِيكُمْ فَمَنْ جَعَلَ اللَّهُ أَخَاهُ تَحْتَ يَدَيْهِ فَلْيُطْعِمْهُ مِمَّا يَأْكُلُ وَلْيُلْبِسْهُ مِمَّا يَلْبَسُ وَلَا يُكَلِّفْهُ مِنَ الْعَمَلِ مَا يَغْلِبُهُ فَإِنْ كَلَّفَهُ مَا يَغْلِبُهُ فَلْيُعِنْهُ عَلَيْهِ»
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17a Hadith 4
Mishkat al-Masabih 3346
‘Abdallah b. ‘Amr told that a steward of his came to him and he asked him whether he had given the slaves their food. When he replied that he had not, he told him to go and give it to them, for God’s Messenger had said, “It is a serious enough fault for a man to withhold his food from one whom he possesses.” A version has, “It is a serious enough fault for a man to destroy one he is bound to sustain.” Muslim transmitted it.
وَعَن عبد الله بن عَمْرو جَاءَهُ قَهْرَمَانٌ لَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ: أَعْطَيْتَ الرَّقِيقَ قُوتَهُمْ؟ قَالَ: لَا قَالَ: فَانْطَلِقْ فَأَعْطِهِمْ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «كَفَى بِالرَّجُلِ إِثْمًا أَنْ يَحْبِسَ عَمَّنْ يَمْلِكُ قُوتَهُ» . وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: «كَفَى بِالْمَرْءِ إِثْمًا أَنْ يُضَيِّعَ مَنْ يَقُوتُ» . رَوَاهُ مُسلم
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17a Hadith 5
Mishkat al-Masabih 3347
Abu Huraira reported God’s Messenger as saying, “When anyone’s servant prepares his food and brings it to him after being near its heat and smoke, he should make him sit down with him and eat; but if the company is large* and the food small in quantity he should put one or two mouthfuls of it in his hand.” * Mashfuhan qalil'an. The word mashfuhan is applied either to food which is small in quantity, or to food which is being partaken of by a number of people. The latter meaning obviously applies here as it is followed by qalil (small in quantity); but some people understand mashfuh here as 'small in quantity’ followed by qalil expressing the same meaning. Muslim transmitted it.
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «إِذَا صَنَعَ لِأَحَدِكُمْ خَادِمُهُ طَعَامَهُ ثُمَّ جَاءَهُ بِهِ وَقَدْ وَلِيَ حره ودخانه فليقعده مَعَه فَليَأْكُل وَإِن كَانَ الطَّعَامُ مَشْفُوهًا قَلِيلًا فَلْيَضَعْ فِي يَدِهِ مِنْهُ أَكلَة أَو أكلتين» . رَوَاهُ مُسلم
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17a Hadith 6
Mishkat al-Masabih 3348
‘Abdallah b. ‘Umar reported God’s Messenger as saying, “When a slave acts sincerely towards his master and worships God well, he has a double reward.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «إِنَّ الْعَبْدَ إِذَا نَصَحَ لِسَيِّدِهِ وَأَحْسَنَ عِبَادَةَ اللَّهِ فَلَهُ أَجْرُهُ مرَّتَيْنِ»
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17a Hadith 7
Mishkat al-Masabih 3349
Abu Huraira reported God's Messenger as saying, “How excellent it is for a slave to be taken in death by God when worshipping his Lord well and obeying his master! How excellent it is for him!” (Bukhari and Muslim.)
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «نِعِمَّا لِلْمَمْلُوكِ أَنْ يَتَوَفَّاهُ اللَّهُ بِحُسْنِ عِبَادَةِ رَبِّهِ وَطَاعَة سَيّده نعما لَهُ»
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17a Hadith 8
Mishkat al-Masabih 3350
Jarir reported God’s Messenger as saying, “When a slave runs away his prayer is not accepted.” In a version on his authority he said, “If any slave runs away protection does not apply to him.” In another version on his authority he said, “If any slave runs away from his masters he has become an infidel till he returns to them.” Muslim transmitted it.
وَعَنْ جَرِيرٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «إِذَا أَبَقَ الْعَبْدُ لَمْ تُقْبَلْ لَهُ صَلَاةٌ» . وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ عَنْهُ قَالَ: «أَيّمَا عبد أبق فقد بَرِئت مِنْهُ الذِّمَّةُ» . وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ عَنْهُ قَالَ: «أَيُّمَا عَبْدٍ أَبَقَ مِنْ مَوَالِيهِ فَقَدْ كَفَرَ حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ إِلَيْهِم» . رَوَاهُ مُسلم
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17a Hadith 9
Mishkat al-Masabih 3351
Abu Huraira told that he heard Abul Qasim (i.e. the Prophet) say, “If any one reviles his slave when he is innocent of what he said, he will be beaten on the day of resurrection, unless it is as he said.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «مَنْ قَذَفَ مَمْلُوكَهُ وَهُوَ بَرِيءٌ مِمَّا قَالَ جُلِدَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ كَمَا قَالَ»
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17a Hadith 10
Mishkat al-Masabih 3352
Ibn ‘Umar told that he heard God’s Messenger say, “If anyone beats a servant for an offence he did not commit, or slaps him, the atonement due from him is to set him free.” Muslim transmitted it.
وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «مَنْ ضَرَبَ غُلَامًا لَهُ حَدًّا لَمْ يَأْتِهِ أَوْ لَطَمَهُ فَإِن كَفَّارَته أَن يعتقهُ» . رَوَاهُ مُسلم
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17a Hadith 11
Mishkat al-Masabih 3353
Abu Mas'ud al-Ansari said
When I was beatinig a servant of mine I heard a voice behind me saying, “Know, Abu Mas'ud, that God has more power over you than you have over him.” On turning round and seeing that it was God’s Messenger, I said, “Messenger of God, he is free for God’s sake.” He replied, “If you had not done it the fire would have burned you,” or, “the fire would have touched you.” Muslim transmitted it.وَعَنْ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ قَالَ: كُنْتُ أَضْرِبُ غُلَامًا لِي فَسَمِعْتُ مِنْ خَلْفِي صَوْتًا: «اعْلَمْ أَبَا مَسْعُودٍ لَلَّهُ أَقْدَرُ عَلَيْكَ مِنْكَ عَلَيْهِ» فَالْتَفَتُّ فَإِذَا هُوَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هُوَ حُرٌّ لِوَجْهِ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ: «أَمَا لَوْ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ لَلَفَحَتْكَ النَّارُ أَوْ لَمَسَّتْكَ النَّارُ» . رَوَاهُ مُسلم
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17a Hadith 12
Chapter 17b: Maintenance, and a Slave’s Rights - Section 2
باب النفقات وحق المملوك - الفصل الثاني
Mishkat al-Masabih 3354
‘Amr b. Shu'aib, on his father’s authority, said his grandfather told of a man coming to the Prophet (ﷺ) and saying, “I have property and my father is in need of my property.” He replied, “You and your property belong to your father. Your children are among the finest things you acquire. Eat of what your children acquire.” Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah transmitted it.
عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ: أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: إِنَّ لِي مَالًا وَإِنَّ وَالِدِي يَحْتَاجُ إِلَى مَالِي قَالَ: «أَنْتَ وَمَالُكَ لِوَالِدِكَ إِنَّ أَوْلَادَكُمْ مِنْ أَطْيَبِ كَسْبِكُمْ كُلُوا مِنْ كَسْبِ أَوْلَادِكُمْ» . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَابْنُ ماجة
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17b Hadith 1
Mishkat al-Masabih 3355
On his father’s authority he said his grandfather told of a man coming to the Prophet (ﷺ) and saying, “I am poor with no possessions and I have an orphan to care for.” He replied, “Eat from your orphan’s property, provided you are not extravagant, or take anything before you need it, or store up any of it.” Abu Dawud, Nasa’i and Ibn Majah transmitted it.
وَعنهُ وَعَن أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ: أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: إِنِّي فَقِيرٌ لَيْسَ لِي شَيْءٌ وَلِي يَتِيمٌ فَقَالَ: «كُلْ مِنْ مَالِ يَتِيمِكَ غَيْرَ مُسْرِفٍ وَلَا مُبَادِرٍ وَلَا مُتَأَثِّلٍ» . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ وَابْنُ مَاجَه
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17b Hadith 2
Mishkat al-Masabih 3356, 3357
Umm Salama told that the Prophet (ﷺ) was saying during his illness, “Maintain the prayer and care for your slaves.” Baihaqi transmitted it in Shu'ab al-iman, and Ahmad and Abu Dawud transmitted something similar on the authority of ‘Ali.
وَعَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي مَرَضِهِ: «الصَّلَاةَ وَمَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ» . رَوَاهُ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي شعب الْإِيمَان وَرَوَى أَحْمَدُ وَأَبُو دَاوُدَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ نَحْوَهُ
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17b Hadith 3
Mishkat al-Masabih 3358
Abu Bakr as-Siddiq reported the Prophet (ﷺ) as saying, “One who treats badly those under his authority will not enter paradise.” Tirmidhi and Ibn Majah transmitted it.
وَعَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «لَا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ سَيِّئُ الْمَلَكَةِ» . رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَابْن مَاجَه
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17b Hadith 4
Mishkat al-Masabih 3359
Rafi‘ b. Makith reported the Prophet (ﷺ) as saying, “Treating those under one’s authority well produces prosperity, but an evil nature produces evil fortune.” Abu Dawud transmitted it, but only in al-Masabih have I seen the additional words, “Sadaqa guards against an evil type of death and kindness lengthens life.”
وَعَنْ رَافِعِ بْنِ مَكِيثٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «حُسْنُ الْمَلَكَةِ يُمْنٌ وَسُوءُ الْخُلُقِ شُؤْمٌ» . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَلَمْ أَرَ فِي غَيْرِ الْمَصَابِيحِ مَا زَادَ عَلَيْهِ فيهِ منْ قولِهِ: «والصَّدَقةُ تمنَعُ مِيتةَ السُّوءِ والبِرُّ زيادةٌ فِي العُمُرِ»
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17b Hadith 5
Mishkat al-Masabih 3360
Abu Sa'id reported God’s Messenger as saying, “When one of you beats his servant and he makes mention of God, you must stop beating him.” Tirmidhi and Baihaqi, in Shu'ab al-iman, transmitted it, but the latter has, “he should stop” instead of “you must stop beating him.”
وَعَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «إِذَا ضَرَبَ أَحَدُكُمْ خَادِمَهُ فَذَكَرَ اللَّهَ فَارْفَعُوا أَيْدِيَكُمْ» . رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي شُعَبِ الْإِيمَانِ لَكِنْ عِنْدَهُ «فَلْيُمْسِكْ» بدل «فارفعوا أَيْدِيكُم»
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17b Hadith 6
Mishkat al-Masabih 3361
Abu Ayyub told of hearing God’s Messenger say, “If anyone separates a mother from her child, God will separate him from his friends on the day of resurrection.” Tirmidhi and Darimi transmitted it.
وَعَن أبي أيوبَ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «مَنْ فَرَّقَ بَيْنَ وَالِدَةٍ وَوَلَدِهَا فَرَّقَ اللَّهُ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ أَحِبَّتِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ» . رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيّ والدارمي
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17b Hadith 7
Mishkat al-Masabih 3362
‘Ali said
God’s Messenger presented me with two youths who were brothers, and when I sold one of them God’s Messenger asked me, “What has happened to your young man, ‘Ali?” When I told him he said, “Get him back, get him back.” Tirmidhi and Ibn Majah transmitted it.وَعَنْ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: وَهَبَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ غلامين أَخَوَيْنِ فَبعث أَحدهمَا فَقَالَ لي رَسُول صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «يَا عَلِيُّ مَا فَعَلَ غُلَامُكَ؟» فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ. فَقَالَ: «رُدُّهُ رُدُّهُ» . رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيّ وَابْن مَاجَه
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17b Hadith 8
Mishkat al-Masabih 3363
He said he separated a slave girl from her child, but when the Prophet (ﷺ) forbade him to do that he cancelled the transaction. Abu Dawud transmitted it with a break in the isnad.
وَعَنْهُ أَنَّهُ فَرَّقَ بَيْنَ جَارِيَةٍ وَوَلَدِهَا فَنَهَاهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فردَّ البَيعَ. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد مُنْقَطِعًا
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17b Hadith 9
Mishkat al-Masabih 3364
Jabir reported the Prophet (ﷺ) as saying, “If anyone possesses three characteristics God will give him an easy death and bring him into His paradise
gentleness towards the weak, affection towards parents, and kindness to slaves.” Tirmidhi transmitted it, saying this is a gharib tradition.وَعَنْ جَابِرٌ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " ثَلَاثٌ مَنْ كُنَّ فِيهِ يَسَّرَ اللَّهُ حَتْفَهُ وَأَدْخَلَهُ جَنَّتَهُ: رِفْقٌ بِالضَّعِيفِ وَشَفَقَةٌ عَلَى الْوَالِدَيْنِ وَإِحْسَانٌ إِلَى الْمَمْلُوكِ ". رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ وَقَالَ: هَذَا حَدِيثٌ غَرِيبٌ
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17b Hadith 10
Mishkat al-Masabih 3365
Abu Umama told that God’s Messenger gave ‘Ali a youth and said, “Do not beat him, for I have been prohibited from beating people who observe the prayer, and I have seen him praying.” This is the wording in al-Masabih.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسلم وَهَبَ لِعَلِيٍّ غُلَامًا فَقَالَ: «لَا تَضْرِبْهُ فَإِنِّي نُهِيتُ عَنْ ضَرْبِ أَهْلِ الصَّلَاةِ وَقَدْ رَأَيْتُهُ يُصَلِّي» . هَذَا لفظ المصابيح
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17b Hadith 11
Mishkat al-Masabih 3366
In al-Mujtaba by Daraqutni ‘Umar b. al-Khattab is reported as saying, “God’s Messenger forbade us to beat people who observe the prayers.”
وَفِي «الْمُجْتَبَى» لِلدَّارَقُطْنِيِّ: أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: نَهَانَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ ضَرْبِ الْمُصَلِّينَ
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17b Hadith 12
Mishkat al-Masabih 3367, 3368
‘Abdallah b. ‘Umar told that a man came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said, “Messenger of God, how often shall I forgive a servant?” He gave no reply, so the man repeated what he had said, but he still kept silence. When he asked a third time he replied, “Forgive him (The verb is in the plural) seventy times daily.” Abu Dawud transmitted it, but Tirmidhi transmitted it from 'Abdallah b. ‘Amr.
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ كم نَعْفُو عَنِ الْخَادِمِ؟ فَسَكَتَ ثُمَّ أَعَادَ عَلَيْهِ الْكَلَامَ فصمتَ فلمَّا كانتِ الثَّالثةُ قَالَ: «اعفُوا عَنْهُ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ سَبْعِينَ مَرَّةً» . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد وَرَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيُّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17b Hadith 13
Mishkat al-Masabih 3369
Abu Dharr reported God’s Messenger as saying, “Feed those of your slaves who please you from what you eat and clothe them from what you clothe yourselves, but sell those who do not please you and do not punish God’s creatures.” Ahmad and Abu Dawud transmitted it.
وَعَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ لَاءَمَكُمْ مِنْ مَمْلُوكِيكُمْ فَأَطْعِمُوهُ مِمَّا تَأْكُلُونَ وَاكْسُوهُ مِمَّا تَكْسُونَ وَمَنْ لَا يُلَائِمُكُمْ مِنْهُمْ فَبِيعُوهُ وَلَا تُعَذِّبُوا خَلَقَ اللَّهِ» . رَوَاهُ أَحْمد وَأَبُو دَاوُد
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17b Hadith 14
Mishkat al-Masabih 3370
Sahl b. al-Hanzaliya told of God’s Messenger coming upon an emaciated camel and saying, “Fear God regarding these dumb animals. Ride them when they are in good condition and let them free when they are in good condition.” Abu Dawud transmitted it.
وَعَن سهلِ بنِ الحَنظلِيَّةِ قَالَ: مَرَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِبَعِيرٍ قَدْ لَحِقَ ظَهْرُهُ بِبَطْنِهِ فَقَالَ: «اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ فِي هَذِهِ الْبَهَائِمِ الْمُعْجَمَةِ فَارْكَبُوهَا صَالِحَة واترُكوها صَالِحَة» . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17b Hadith 15
Chapter 17c: Maintenance, and a Slave’s Rights - Section 3
باب النفقات وحق المملوك - الفصل الثالث
Mishkat al-Masabih 3371
Ibn ‘Abbas said
When the words of God most high came down, “Do not come near an orphan’s property except to improve it,” (Al-Qur’an 6:152) and “Those who devour unjustly the property of orphans. . .” (Al-Qur’an 4:10) those who were in charge of an orphan went and separated their food and drink from his, and if any of the orphan’s food or drink was left over they kept it for him until he ate it or it went bad. Finding that a burden, they mentioned the matter to God’s Messenger, and God most high sent down, “And they ask you about orphans. Say, to set things right for them is good, and if you intermix with them they are your brethren” (Al-Qur’an 2:220). They then mixed their food and their drink with theirs. Abu Dawud and Nasa'i transmitted it.عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا نَزَلَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى (وَلَا تَقْرَبُوا مَالَ الْيَتِيمِ إِلَّا بِالَّتِي هِيَ أحسن) وَقَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: (إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَأْكُلُونَ أَمْوَالَ الْيَتَامَى ظُلْمًا) الْآيَةَ انْطَلَقَ مَنْ كَانَ عِنْدَهُ يَتِيمٌ فَعَزَلَ طَعَامه من طَعَامَهُ وَشَرَابَهُ مِنْ شَرَابِهِ فَإِذَا فَضَلَ مِنْ طَعَامِ الْيَتِيمِ وَشَرَابِهِ شَيْءٌ حُبِسَ لَهُ حَتَّى يَأْكُلَهُ أَوْ يَفْسُدَ فَاشْتَدَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَذَكَرُوا ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: (وَيَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْيَتَامَى قُلْ: إصْلَاح لَهُم خير وَإِن تخالطوهم فإخوانكم) فَخَلَطُوا طَعَامَهُمْ بِطَعَامِهِمْ وَشَرَابَهُمْ بِشَرَابِهِمْ. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد وَالنَّسَائِيّ
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17c Hadith 1
Mishkat al-Masabih 3372
Abu Musa said that God's Messenger cursed those who separated a parent from his child and a brother from his brother. Ibn Majah and Daraqutni transmitted it.
وَعَن أبي مُوسَى قَالَ: لَعَنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَنْ فَرَّقَ بَيْنَ الْوَالِدِ وَوَلَدِهِ وَبَيْنَ الْأَخِ وَبَيْنَ أَخِيهِ. رَوَاهُ ابْنُ مَاجَهْ وَالدَّارَقُطْنِيُّ
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17c Hadith 2
Mishkat al-Masabih 3373
‘Abdallah b. Mas'ud said that when captives were brought to the Prophet (ﷺ) he gave families together through dislike of separating them. Ibn Majah transmitted it.
وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ: كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا أُتِيَ بِالسَّبْيِ أَعْطَى أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ جَمِيعًا كَرَاهِيَةَ أَنْ يفرق بَينهم. رَوَاهُ ابْن مَاجَه
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17c Hadith 3
Mishkat al-Masabih 3374
Abu Huraira reported God’s Messenger as saying, “Let me tell you who your evil ones are. They are those who eat alone, beat their slaves, and withhold their help.” Razin transmitted it.
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «أَلَا أُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِشِرَارِكُمُ؟ الَّذِي يَأْكُلُ وَحْدَهُ وَيَجْلِدُ عَبْدَهُ وَيَمْنَعُ رِفْدَهُ» . رَوَاهُ رزين
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17c Hadith 4
Mishkat al-Masabih 3375
Abu Bakr as-Siddiq reported God’s Messenger as saying, “One who treats badly those under his authority will not enter paradise.” He was asked whether he had not told them that this people had more slaves and orphans than any other, and replied, “Yes, so treat them as generously as you treat your children and give them food out of what you eat.” They then asked what benefit they got out of the world, and he replied, “A horse which you equip to fight on it in God’s path, and a slave who serves you sufficiently; and when he prays he is your brother.” Ibn Majah transmittted it.
وَعَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ سَيِّئُ الْمَلَكَةِ» . قَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَلَيْسَ أَخْبَرْتَنَا أَنَّ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةَ أَكْثَرُ الْأُمَمِ مَمْلُوكِينَ وَيَتَامَى؟ قَالَ: «نَعَمْ فَأَكْرِمُوهُمْ كَكَرَامَةِ أَوْلَادِكُمْ وَأَطْعِمُوهُمْ مِمَّا تَأْكُلُونَ» . قَالُوا: فَمَا تنفعنا الدُّنْيَا؟ قَالَ: «فَرَسٌ تَرْتَبِطُهُ تُقَاتِلُ عَلَيْهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَمَمْلُوكٌ يَكْفِيكَ فَإِذَا صَلَّى فَهُوَ أَخُوكَ» . رَوَاهُ ابْنُ مَاجَهْ
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 17c Hadith 5
Chapter 18a: Young People Attaining Puberty and their Guardianship in Childhood - Section 1
باب بلوغ الصغير وحضانته في الصغر - الفصل الأول
Mishkat al-Masabih 3376
Ibn ‘Umar said
I was brought before God’s Messenger in the year of Uhud when I was fourteen and he sent me back. Then I was brought before him in the year of the Trench when I was fifteen and he gave me permission to fight.* ‘Umar b. ‘Abd al-‘Aziz said this represents the difference between fighting men and children. * Ajazani. It may be translated as above or it may mean “he gave me a fighting man's permission”. (Bukhari and Muslim.)عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: عُرِضْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَامَ أُحُدٍ وَأَنَا ابْنُ أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً فَرَدَّنِي ثُمَّ عُرِضْتُ عَلَيْهِ عَامَ الْخَنْدَقِ وَأَنَا ابْنُ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً فَأَجَازَنِي فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ: هَذَا فَرْقُ مَا بَين الْمُقَاتلَة والذرية
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 18a Hadith 1
Mishkat al-Masabih 3377
Al-Bara’ b. ‘Azib said the Prophet (ﷺ) made peace on the occasion of al-Hudaibiya on three conditions
that if any of the polytheists came to him he should send them back to them; that if any of the Muslims went to them they should not send them back; and that he should be allowed to enter [Mecca] the following year and stay in it for three days. When he entered it and the period had passed he went out, and Hamza’s daughter followed him calling, “Uncle, uncle.” ‘Ali took her and held her by the hand, and ‘Ali, Zaid and Ja'far disputed about her. ‘Ali said, “I have taken her, and she is the daughter of my paternal uncle.” Ja'far said, “She is the daughter of my paternal uncle and her maternal aunt is my wife.” Zaid said, “She is my brother’s daughter.” The Prophet (ﷺ) then gave decision about her in favour of her maternal aunt, saying, “The maternal aunt is in the position of the mother.” To ‘Ali he said, “You pertain to me and I pertain to you;” to Ja'far, “You resemble my form and nature;” and to Zaid, “You are our brother and client.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)وَعَنِ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ قَالَ: صَالَحَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ عَلَى ثَلَاثَةِ أَشْيَاءَ: عَلَى أَنَّ مَنْ أَتَاهُ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ رَدَّهُ إِلَيْهِمْ وَمَنْ أَتَاهُمْ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ لَمْ يَرُدُّوهُ وَعَلَى أَنْ يَدْخُلَهَا مِنْ قَابِلٍ وَيُقِيمَ بِهَا ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَهَا وَمَضَى الْأَجَلُ خَرَجَ فَتَبِعَتْهُ ابْنَةُ حَمْزَةَ تُنَادِي: يَا عَمِّ يَا عَمِّ فَتَنَاوَلَهَا عَلِيٌّ فَأَخَذَ بِيَدِهَا فَاخْتَصَمَ فِيهَا عَلِيٌّ وَزَيْدٌ وَجَعْفَرٌ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ: أَنَا أَخَذْتُهَا وَهِيَ بِنْتُ عَمِّي. وَقَالَ جَعْفَرٌ: بِنْتُ عَمِّي وَخَالَتُهَا تَحْتِي وَقَالَ زَيْدٌ: بِنْتُ أَخِي فَقَضَى بِهَا النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِخَالَتِهَا وَقَالَ: «الْخَالَةُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْأُمِّ» . وَقَالَ لَعَلِيٍّ: «أَنْتَ مِنِّي وَأَنَا مِنْكَ» وَقَالَ لِجَعْفَرٍ: «أَشْبَهْتَ خَلْقِي وَخُلُقِي» . وَقَالَ لزيد: «أَنْت أخونا ومولانا»
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 18a Hadith 2
Chapter 18b: Young People Attaining Puberty and their Guardianship in Childhood - Section 2
باب بلوغ الصغير وحضانته في الصغر - الفصل الثاني
Mishkat al-Masabih 3378
‘Amr b. Shu'aib, on his father’s authority, said his grandfather,‘Abdallah b. ‘Amr, told of a woman who said, “Messenger of God, my womb was a vessel to this son of mine, my breasts a water-skin for him, and my lap a guard for him, yet his father has divorced me and wants to take him away from me.” God’s Messenger replied, “You have more right to him as long as you do not marry.” Ahmad and Abu Dawud transmitted it.
وَعَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو: أَنَّ امْرَأَةً قَالَتْ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ ابْنِي هَذَا كَانَ بَطْنِي لَهُ وِعَاءً وَثَدْيِي لَهُ سِقَاءً وَحِجْرِي لَهُ حِوَاءً وَإِنَّ أَبَاهُ طَلَّقَنِي وَأَرَادَ أَنْ يَنْزِعَهُ مِنِّي فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «أَنْتِ أَحَقُّ بِهِ مَا لم تنكحي» . رَوَاهُ أَحْمد وَأَبُو دَاوُد
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 18b Hadith 1
Mishkat al-Masabih 3379
Abu Huraira said God’s Messenger gave a boy a choice between his father and his mother. Tirmidhi transmitted it.
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ خَيَّرَ غُلَامًا بَيْنَ أَبِيهِ وَأمه. رَوَاهُ التِّرْمِذِيّ
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 18b Hadith 2
Mishkat al-Masabih 3380
He told of a woman who came to God's Messenger and said, “My husband wants to take away my son, and he has provided drink and other benefits for me.” The Prophet (ﷺ) said, “This is your father and this is your mother, so take whichever of them you wish by the hand.” He took his mother’s hand and she went off with him. Abu Dawud, Nasa'i and Darimi transmitted.it.
وَعنهُ قَالَ: جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَتْ: إِنَّ زَوْجِي يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَذْهَبَ بِابْنِي وَقَدْ سَقَانِي وَنَفَعَنِي فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «هَذَا أَبُوكَ وَهَذِهِ أُمُّكَ فَخُذْ بِيَدِ أَيِّهِمَا شِئْتَ» . فَأَخَذَ بِيَدِ أُمِّهِ فَانْطَلَقَتْ بِهِ. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ وَالدَّارِمِيُّ
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 18b Hadith 3
Chapter 18c: Young People Attaining Puberty and their Guardianship in Childhood - Section 3
باب بلوغ الصغير وحضانته في الصغر - الفصل الثالث
Mishkat al-Masabih 3381
Hilal b. Usama quoted Abu Maimuna Sulaiman,* client of the people of Medina, as saying
While I was sitting with Abu Huraira a Persian woman came, to him along with a son of hers. She had been divorced by her husband and they both claimed him. She addressed him in foreign speech telling him that her husband wished to take her son away, and Abu Huraira told them to cast lots for him, saying that to her in foreign speech. Then her husband came and asked who was disputing with him about his son, and Abu Huraira assured him in God's name that the only reason why he said what he had said was because once when he was sitting with God’s Messenger a woman came to him and said, “Messenger of God, my husband wants to take away my son, and he had benefited me and drawn water for me from the well of Abu ‘Inaba.” (Nasa’i has “from sweet water.”) God’s Messenger replied, “Cast lots for him.” Her husband asked, “Who is disputing with me about my son?” and God’s Messenger said, “This is your father and this is your mother, so take whichever of them you wish by the hand,” and he took his mother’s hand. * Mirqat, iii, 536 says that while Sulaiman appears in all texts of the Mishkat, the correct form is Salman. Abu Dawud, Talaq, 35 (in the 2-vol. edn. Cairo, 1348 A.H.) has Salma (or Sulma). See further Ibn Hajar, Tahdhib, xii, 253. Abu Dawud and Nasa’i transmitted it, but Nasa’i mentioned the version which was traced back to the Prophet. Darimi transmitted it on the authority of Hilal b. Usama.عَنْ هِلَالِ بْنِ أُسَامَةَ عَنْ أَبِي مَيْمُونَةَ سُلَيْمَانَ مَوْلًى لِأَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ قَالَ: بَيْنَمَا أَنَا جَالِسٌ مَعَ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ جَاءَتْهُ امْرَأَةٌ فَارِسِيَّةٌ مَعَهَا ابْنٌ لَهَا وَقَدْ طَلَّقَهَا زَوْجُهَا فَادَّعَيَاهُ فَرَطَنَتْ لَهُ تَقُولُ: يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ زَوْجِي يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَذْهَبَ بِابْنِي. فَقَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ: اسْتهمَا رَطَنَ لَهَا بِذَلِكَ. فَجَاءَ زَوْجُهَا وَقَالَ: مَنْ يُحَاقُّنِي فِي ابْنِي؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ: اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي لَا أَقُولُ هَذَا إِلَّا أَنِّي كُنْتُ قَاعِدًا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَتَتْهُ امْرَأَةٌ فَقَالَتْ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ زَوْجِي يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَذْهَبَ بِابْنِي وَقَدْ نَفَعَنِي وَسَقَانِي مِنْ بِئْرِ أَبِي عِنَبَةَ وَعِنْدَ النَّسَائِيِّ: مِنْ عَذْبِ الْمَاءُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «اسْتَهِمَا عَلَيْهِ» . فَقَالَ زَوْجُهَا مَنْ يُحَاقُّنِي فِي وَلَدِي؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «هَذَا أَبُوكَ وَهَذِهِ أُمُّكَ فَخُذْ بِيَدِ أَيِّهِمَا شِئْتَ» فَأَخَذَ بيد أمه. رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد. وَالنَّسَائِيّ لكنه ذكر الْمسند. وَرَوَاهُ الدَّارمِيّ عَن هِلَال بن أُسَامَة
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 13 Chapter 18c Hadith 1
Chapter : Section 1
الفصل الأول
Mishkat al-Masabih 3382
Abu Huraira reported God's Messenger as saying, "If anyone emancipates a Muslim slave, God will set free from hell a member of the body for every member of his, even his private parts for his." (Bukhari and Muslim.)
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ أَعْتَقَ رَقَبَةً مُسْلِمَةً أَعْتَقَ اللَّهُ بِكُلِّ عُضْوٍ مِنْهُ عُضْوًا مِنَ النَّارِ حَتَّى فَرْجَهُ بِفَرْجِهِ»
Mishkat al-Masabih 3383
Abu Dharr said he asked the Prophet (ﷺ) what action was most excellent, and he replied, "Faith in God and jihad in His path." He then asked which slaves were most excellent 1 and he replied. “Those whose price is highest and who are held in most esteem by their people." He asked what he should do if unable to act accordingly 2 and he replied, "You should assist a workman, or work for one who is unskilled." He asked what he should do if unable to act accordingly and he replied, "Do no harm to others 3 for that is sadaqa you bestow on yourself." Bukhari and Muslim. 1. i.e. for the purpose of emancipating them. 2. The Arabic is fa-in lam af'al which is somewhat vague. It most probably means he is asking what he should do if unable to emancipate a slave of such quality. 3. This is an accepted meaning of the Arabic tada'u ‘un-nas min ash-sharr. Another possible meaning is to leave people alone because of their evil.
وَعَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: أَيُّ الْعَمَلِ أَفْضَلُ؟ قَالَ: «إِيمَانٌ بِاللَّهِ وَجِهَادٌ فِي سَبِيلِهِ» قَالَ: قُلْتُ: فَأَيُّ الرِّقَابِ أَفْضَلُ؟ قَالَ: «أَغْلَاهَا ثَمَنًا وَأَنْفَسُهَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِهَا» . قُلْتُ: فَإِنْ لَمْ أَفْعَلْ؟ قَالَ: «تُعِينُ صَانِعًا أَوْ تَصْنَعُ لِأَخْرَقَ» . قُلْتُ: فَإِنْ لَمْ أَفْعَلْ؟ قَالَ: «تَدَعُ النَّاسَ مِنَ الشَّرِّ فَإِنَّهَا صَدَقَةٌ تَصَدَّقُ بهَا على نَفسك»
Chapter : Section 2
الفصل الثاني
Mishkat al-Masabih 3384
Al-Bara’ b. ‘Azib told of a desert Arab who came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said, "Teach me an action which will bring me into paradise.” He replied, "You have asked a large question in few words. Emancipate, a man and set free a slave." He asked if the two were not the same thing, and he replied, "No; emancipating a man is doing it by yourself, and setting free a slave is contributing towards his price. You must also lend for milking a she-camel which has much milk and be well disposed towards a relative who does wrong. If you cannot do that, feed the hungry, give drink to the thirsty, recommend what is reputable and forbid what is disreputable. And if you cannot do that, restrain your tongue from everything but what is good.” Baihaqi transmitted it in Shu'ab al-iman.
عَن الْبَراء بن عَازِب قَالَ: جَاءَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: عَلِّمْنِي عَمَلًا يُدْخِلُنِي الْجَنَّةَ قَالَ: «لَئِنْ كُنْتَ أَقْصَرْتَ الْخُطْبَةَ لَقَدْ أَعْرَضْتَ الْمَسْأَلَةَ أَعْتِقِ النَّسَمَةَ وَفك الرَّقَبَة» . قَالَ: أَو ليسَا وَاحِدًا؟ قَالَ: " لَا عِتْقُ النَّسَمَةِ: أَنْ تَفَرَّدَ بِعِتْقِهَا وَفَكُّ الرَّقَبَةِ: أَنْ تُعِينَ فِي ثَمَنِهَا وَالْمِنْحَةَ: الْوَكُوفَ وَالْفَيْءَ عَلَى ذِي الرَّحِمِ الظَّالِمِ فَإِنْ لَمْ تُطِقْ ذَلِكَ فَأَطْعِمِ الْجَائِعَ وَاسْقِ الظَّمْآنَ وَأْمُرْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَانْهَ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ فَإِنْ لم تطق فَكُفَّ لِسَانَكَ إِلَّا مِنْ خَيْرٍ ". رَوَاهُ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ فِي شعب الْإِيمَان
Mishkat al-Masabih 3385
‘Amr b. ‘Abasa reported the Prophet (ﷺ) as saying, “If anyone builds a mosque that God may be mentioned in it, a house will be built for him in paradise; if anyone emancipates a Muslim, that will be his ransom from jahannam; if anyone develops a grey hair while in 'God’s path, it will be a light for him on the day of resurrection.” It is transmitted in Sharh as-sunna.
وَعَن عَمْرو بن عبسة أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَنْ بَنَى مَسْجِدًا لِيُذْكَرَ اللَّهُ فِيهِ بُنِيَ لَهُ بَيْتٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَمَنْ أَعْتَقَ نَفْسًا مُسْلِمَةً كَانَتْ فِدْيَتَهُ مِنْ جَهَنَّمَ. وَمَنْ شَابَ شَيْبَةً فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ كَانَتْ لَهُ نُورًا يَوْم الْقِيَامَة» . رَوَاهُ فِي شرح السّنة
Chapter : Section 3
الفصل الثالث
Mishkat al-Masabih 3386
l-Gharif b. ‘Ayyash ad-Dailami 1 said
We went to Wathila b. al-Asqa‘ and said, “Tell us a tradition which has no addition or omission.” He replied angrily, “One of you recites when his copy of the Qur’an is hung up in his house, and he makes additions and omissions.” We declared that all we meant was a tradition he had heard from the Prophet, and he said they had gone to God’s Messenger about a friend of theirs who deserved (i.e., hell) for murder, 2 and he replied, “If you emancipate a slave on his behalf God will set free from hell a member of the body for every member of his.” Abu Dawud and Nasa’i transmitted it. 1. Mirqat, iii, 540 gives al-Gharif ad-Dailami but says it should correctly be Ibn ad-Dailami. It adds that Hakim in his Mustadrak says al-Gharif was a laqab of ‘Abdallah b. ad-Dailami, and that in Jami'-al-usul the name is given as al-Gharif b. ‘Ayyash ad-Dailami. This is the form in the Damascus edn. of the Mishkat, the one used in the translation above. It is also given by Ibn Hajar, Tahdhib, viii, 245. 2. Mirqat, iii, 541 suggests that the reference may be to someone who had killed a man unintentionally.عَن الغريف بن عَيَّاش الديلمي قَالَ: أَتَيْنَا وَاثِلَة بن الْأَسْقَع فَقُلْنَا: حَدِّثْنَا حَدِيثًا لَيْسَ فِيهِ زِيَادَةٌ وَلَا نُقْصَانٌ فَغَضِبَ وَقَالَ: إِنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ لَيَقْرَأُ وَمُصْحَفُهُ مُعَلَّقٌ فِي بَيْتِهِ فَيَزِيدُ وَيَنْقُصُ فَقُلْنَا: إِنَّمَا أَرَدْنَا حَدِيثًا سَمِعْتَهُ مِنَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسلم فَقَالَ: أَتَيْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي صَاحِبٍ لَنَا أَوْجَبَ يَعْنِي النَّارَ بِالْقَتْلِ فَقَالَ: «أعتقوا عَنهُ بِعِتْق الله بِكُل عُضْو مِنْهُ عُضْو أَمنه من النَّار» . رَوَاهُ أَبُو دَاوُد وَالنَّسَائِيّ
Mishkat al-Masabih 3387
Samura b. Jundub reported God’s Messenger as saying, “The most excellent sadaqa is intercession for which a slave is set free.” Baihaqi transmitted it in Shu'ab al-iman.
وَعَن سَمُرَةَ بْنِ جُنْدُبٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «أَفْضَلُ الصَّدَقَةِ الشَّفَاعَةُ بِهَا تُفَكُّ الرَّقَبَة» . رَوَاهُ الْبَيْهَقِيّ فِي «شعب الْإِيمَان»
Chapter 1a: Emancipating a Slave who is jointly owned, buying a relative, and emancipating during an illness - Section 1
باب إعتاق العبد المشترك وشراء القريب والعتق في المرض - الفصل الأول
Mishkat al-Masabih 3388
Ibn ‘Umar reported God’s Messenger as saying, “If anyone emancipates his share in a slave and has enough money to pay the full price for him, a fair price for the slave should be fixed, his partners given their shares, and the slave be thus emancipated; otherwise he is emancipated only to the extent of the first man’s share.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)
عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ أَعْتَقَ شِرْكًا لَهُ فِي عَبْدٍ وَكَانَ لَهُ مَالٌ يَبْلُغُ ثَمَنَ الْعَبْدِ قُوِّمَ الْعَبْدُ قِيمَةَ عَدْلٍ فَأُعْطِيَ شُرَكَاؤُهُ حِصَصَهُمْ وَعَتَقَ عَلَيْهِ الْعَبْدُ وَإِلَّا فَقَدْ عَتَقَ مِنْهُ مَا عَتَقَ»
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 14 Chapter 1a Hadith 1
Mishkat al-Masabih 3389
Abu Huraira reported the Prophet (ﷺ) as saying, “If anyone emancipates a share in a slave, he is to be completely emancipated if he has money; but if he has none, the slave will be required to work to pay for his freedom, but must not be overburdened.” (Bukhari and Muslim.)
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَنْ أَعْتَقَ شِقْصًا فِي عَبْدٍ أُعْتِقَ كُلُّهُ إِنْ كَانَ لَهُ مَالٌ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ اسْتَسْعَى الْبعد غير مشقوق عَلَيْهِ»
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 14 Chapter 1a Hadith 2
Mishkat al-Masabih 3390
Imran b. Husain said that a man who had no other property emancipated six slaves of his at the time of his death. God’s Messenger called for them, and after dividing them into three sections, casting lots among them, setting two free and keeping four in slavery,* he spoke severely of him. Nasa’i transmitted it on ‘Imran’s authority, but in place of “he spoke severely of him,” he mentioned that the Prophet (ﷺ) said, “I was inclined not to pray over him.” In Abu Dawud’s version he said, “Had I been present before his burial, he would not have been buried in a Muslim cemetery.” Muslim transmitted it. *The principle is that at least two-thirds of a dead man's property must go to the heirs.
وَعَن عمرَان بن حُصَيْن: أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَعْتَقَ سِتَّةَ مَمْلُوكِينَ لَهُ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ غَيْرُهُمْ فَدَعَا بهم رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَجَزَّأَهُمْ أَثْلَاثًا ثُمَّ أَقْرَعَ بَيْنَهُمْ فَأَعْتَقَ اثْنَيْنِ وَأَرَقَّ أَرْبَعَةً وَقَالَ لَهُ قَوْلًا شَدِيدًا. رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ وَرَوَاهُ النَّسَائِيُّ عَنْهُ وَذَكَرَ: «لَقَدْ هَمَمْتُ أَنْ لَا أُصَلِّيَ عَلَيْهِ» بَدَلَ: وَقَالَ لَهُ قَوْلًا شَدِيدًا وَفِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي دَاوُدَ: قَالَ: «لَوْ شَهِدْتُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُدْفَنَ لَمْ يُدْفَنْ فِي مَقَابِر الْمُسلمين»
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 14 Chapter 1a Hadith 3
Mishkat al-Masabih 3391
Abu Huraira reported God's Messenger as saying, “A son does not repay what he owes his father unless he buys him and emancipates him if he finds him in slavery.” Muslim transmitted it.
وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا يَجْزِي وَلَدٌ وَالِده إِلَّا أَن يجده مَمْلُوكا فيشتر بِهِ فيعتقه» . رَوَاهُ مُسلم
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 14 Chapter 1a Hadith 4
Mishkat al-Masabih 3392
Jabir said that a man of the Ansar declared that a slave would be free after his death, but he had no other property, so when the Prophet (ﷺ) heard of that he said, “Who will buy him from me ?” and Nu'aim b. an-Nahham bought him for eight hundred dirhams. A version by Muslim says Nu'aim b. ‘Abdallah al-‘Adawi bought him for eight hundred dirhams which he brought to the Prophet (ﷺ) who, when he had handed them over to the man, said, “Spend first on yourself giving yourself sadaqa
if anything is left over give it to your family; if anything is left over when they have received something, give it to your relatives; and if anything is left over when they have received something, do thus and thus,” meaning that it should be distributed in front of him, on his right and on his left. (Bukhari and Muslim.)وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ: أَنَّ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ دَبَّرَ مَمْلُوكًا وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ مَالٌ غَيْرُهُ فَبَلَغَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: «مَنْ يَشْتَرِيهِ مني؟» فَاشْتَرَاهُ نعيم بن النَّحَّامِ بِثَمَانِمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ. مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهِ. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ لِمُسْلِمٍ: فَاشْتَرَاهُ نُعَيْمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْعَدَوِيُّ بثمانمائة دِرْهَم فجَاء بِهَا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَدَفَعَهَا إِلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ: «ابْدَأْ بِنَفْسِكَ فَتَصَدَّقْ عَلَيْهَا فَإِنْ فَضَلَ شَيْءٌ فَلِأَهْلِكَ فَإِنْ فَضَلَ عَنْ أَهْلِكَ شَيْءٌ فَلِذِي قَرَابَتِكَ فَإِنْ فَضَلَ عَنْ ذِي قَرَابَتِكَ شَيْءٌ فَهَكَذَا وَهَكَذَا» يَقُولُ: فَبين يَديك وَعَن يَمِينك وَعَن شمالك
In-book reference: Mishkat al-Masabih Book 14 Chapter 1a Hadith 5
